贡湖湾生态修复区鱼类群落结构特征研究  

Characteristics of fish community structure in the ecological restoration area of Gonghu Bay

作　　者：潘辉 郑舟 刘杰 关保华[3] 钱新[4] PAN Hui;ZHENG Zhou;LIU Jie;GUAN Baohua;QIAN Xin(Wuxi Ruijing City Service Co.,Ltd.Wuxi 214000,P.R.China;Wuxi Taihu New Town Asset Management Co.,Ltd.Wuxi 214000,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,P.R.China;School of environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市瑞景城市服务有限公司,江苏无锡214000 [2]无锡市太湖新城资产经营管理有限公司,江苏无锡214000 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [4]南京大学环境学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《污染防治技术》2022年第3期14-19,共6页Pollution Control Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项,课题名称:太湖贡湖生态修复模式工程技术研究与综合示范课题,课题编号:2012ZX07101014。

摘　　要：湖泊生态修复的目的一方面是为了提升水质,一方面是改善栖息环境,为提高水生生物多样性提供条件。退渔还湖后的贡湖湾生态修复区经过干塘清淤、生境塑造、水生植物群落构建和鱼类投放等措施后,水质得到极大提升。为了研究生态修复后鱼类群落变化情况,本文设置25个调查位点,对贡湖湾生态修复区鱼类群落进行了4年的追踪调查。结果发现,统计到鱼类总共32种,修复区投放的滤食性鮭鱼生长速度较缓慢,鱼类群落结构中杂食性鱼类尾数百分比多达69.51%,重量百分比为45.94%。生态修复工程实施后鱼类Margalef物种丰富度指数达2.618,基于物种数量和生物量的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′、H″分别为2.047和1.433,对应的Pielou均匀度指数J′、J″分别0.756和0.529,表明生态修复后生态系统结构得到完善,鱼类生物多样性得到显著提高。The aim of ecological restoration for eutrophic lakes is to improve water quality,and simultaneously to improve habitat environment conditions for accommodating high aquatic biodiversity.After returning the fishponds into a lake,the water quality of Gonghu Bay ecological restoration area has been greatly improved by dry pond desilting,substrate shaping,aquatic plant community constructing and fish stocking.In order to study the changes of fish community after ecological restoration,the fish community in Gonghu Bay ecological restoration area was followed up for 4 years at 25 sites.The results showed that there were 32 species of fish,the growth rate of the stocked filter-feeding silver carp was slow,the percentage of omnivorous fish in the community was 69.51%in tail,and 45.94%in biomass(fresh weight).The Margalef species richness index was 2.618,the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.047 and 1.433,respectively,and the Pielou evenness index was 0.756 and 0.529,respectively.The above results implied that the structure of the ecosystem was improved and the biodiversity of fish was improved significantly after restoration.

关 键 词：湖泊生态修复 退渔还湖 生物操纵 鱼类群落 生物多样性 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]