东亚地区两次典型沙尘暴物理过程对比  

Comparative analysis of two typical dust storm processes over East Asia

作　　者：赵丹 陈思宇[1] 陈渔 ZHAO Dan;CHEN Si-yu;CHEN Yu(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第3期313-322,共10页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42175106,918371030);中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M681156);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金创新团队项目(lzujbky-2020-ct03)。

摘　　要：利用多种观测和再分析资料,结合WRF-Chem模式对东亚地区2009-04-23和2010-04-24两次强沙尘暴天气进行对比分析,揭示两次沙尘暴过程在起沙和传输机制上的差异.结果表明,WRFChem模式能够较好地再现两次沙尘过程的时空分布特征.两次沙尘事件均起源于塔克拉玛干沙漠和戈壁沙漠,但在起沙和传输机制上有明显不同:2009-04-23沙尘暴为典型的蒙古气旋型起沙,由强冷空气与蒙古气旋共同作用引起,强冷空气爆发产生的大风导致地面沙尘扬起,不稳定层结加强了沙尘气溶胶的垂直输送,冷空气推动蒙古气旋南下导致沙尘远距离传输到内蒙古、甘肃和宁夏等地;2010-04-24沙尘暴为冷锋型起沙,强低空急流和高空锋区共同导致此次沙尘暴起沙,斜压“槽”加强了斜压不稳定,较强的垂直运动加强沙尘起沙强度,伴随着“槽脊”的东移,沙尘暴传输至中国东部地区.The WRF-Chem model,muti-type observation data and reanalysis data were used to analyze the emission and transport process of two intense dust storms 2009-04-23 and 2010-04-24 dust events in East Asia.The results showed that the WRF-Chem model captured the spatial and temporal distributions of meteorological factors and dust aerosol over the East Asia well.The results indicated that both dust events originated from the Taklimakan Desert and Gobi Desert,but there were significant differences in the dust generation and transport mechanism.The 2009-04-23 dust event was caused by an Mongolian cyclone and strong cold air.Strong wind caused by cold air raised the dust,and the unstable stratification strengthened the vertical transportation of dust aerosols.At the same time,the cold air pushed the Mongolian cyclone southward to transmit dust to Inner Mongolia,Gansu and Ningxia.The 2010-04-24 dust event was caused by a low-level jet and the upper frontal zone,and the baroclinic troughs strengthened baroclinic instability,which strengthened the dust storm.With the baroclinic trough inclining eastward,the dust storm was transported to eastern China.

关 键 词：沙尘起沙 动力机制 WRF-Chem模式 沙尘传输 沙尘暴 

分 类 号：P425.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]