基本情绪的神经基础:来自fMRI与机器视觉技术研究的证据  

Basic emotion and its neural basis:Evidence from fMRI and machine-vision studies

作　　者：梁飞 江瑶 肖婷炜 董洁[1] 王福顺 LIANG Fei;JIANG Yao;XIAO Tingwei;DONG Jie;WANG Fushun(Institute of Brain and Psychological Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610066,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院,成都610066

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2022年第8期1832-1843,共12页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金(19YJAZH083)。

摘　　要：基本情绪理论(basic emotion theory)是情绪科学领域最具代表性的理论,该理论认为人类情绪是由有限的几种基本情绪组成的,如恐惧、愤怒、喜悦、悲伤等。基本情绪是为了完成基本生命任务(fundamental life task)进化而来的,每一种基本情绪都有独特的神经结构和生理基础。尽管基本情绪理论被广泛接受,但是对于基本情绪的种类却莫衷一是。近几十年来,许多fMRI研究试图确定各种基本情绪的独特神经结构基础,而且取得了许多重要发现,比如厌恶和脑岛有关,悲伤和前扣带回有关,杏仁核是与恐惧有关的重要边缘结构等。但是,最近有人进行了元分析研究,发现许多基本情绪存在混淆的大脑区域,因此对基本情绪的特定脑区理论提出质疑,甚至否定基本情绪理论。通过对基本情绪及其神经基础的探讨,以及对基本情绪理论的最新功能性磁共振成像研究进行梳理分析,提出有关基本情绪理论的争论来源于基本情绪种类的确定,因为许多所谓的不同基本情绪实际上是同一种基本情绪,提出人类可能只有3种基本情绪。未来研究可以利用机器视觉技术进一步推动基本情绪脑影像研究。Basic emotion theory is the most representative theory in the field of emotion science,which holds that human emotions are composed of a limited number of basic emotions,such as fear,anger,joy,sadness and so on.Basic emotions are evolved for fundamental life tasks,and each basic emotion has its own unique neural structure and physiological basis.Although basic emotion theories are widely accepted,there is little agreement on specific basic emotions.In recent decades,many fMRI studies have attempted to determine the unique neural structural underpinnings of each of the basic emotions,and made many important findings,such as disgust is related to the insula,sadness is related to the anterior cingulate gyrus,and the amygdala is an important limbic structure related to fear.However,recent meta-analysis studies have found that many basic emotions share many brain regions.Therefore,the theory of specific brain regions of basic emotions has been questioned and even denied.Through the discussion of the basic emotions and neural basis,the new functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)study of basic emotion theory were summarized,and put forward the basic theory of emotional debate comes from the determination of basic emotion type,because many of the so-called different basic emotion is actually the same basic emotions,possible only three basic human emotions.In the future,machine-vision can be used to further promote the research of basic emotion brain imaging.

关 键 词：基本情绪 情绪维度 FMRI 机器视觉 脑影像 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B845[哲学宗教—心理学]