中国国企改革过程中公司治理特征、挑战与对策  

SOEs Reform and Corporate Governance in China:Logic,Facts and Challenges

作　　者：王宏淼[1] Wang Hong-miao(Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100836)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所,北京100836

出　　处：《经济纵横》2022年第6期52-60,共9页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：中国社会科学院国有经济研究智库“国有企业公司治理机制研究课题”(编号:GJZK20210500);中国社会科学院创新工程“公司治理、创新与高质量发展”的成果。

摘　　要：四十多年来渐进推进的中国国有企业改革取得很大成绩。从最初的市场化探索、其后的公司化转型及规范化监管进入到多元化治理阶段,中国特色的国有公司治理表现为五方面的典型化特征:混改背景下国企所有权和控制权的多样性,分类改革下国资管控模式的差异性,授权放权改革下国企监管和微观激励机制的灵活性,加强党的领导背景下国企内部治理的复合性,共治模式下多主体参与国企决策及监督的广泛性。展望未来,国企公司治理仍存在不少问题,面临着诸多挑战,应继续沿着市场化方向和公司化道路深化改革,完善现代企业制度,结合“竞争中性”原则,兼顾规范和效率、业绩与责任,从而实现国有企业的“良治”。The reform of State-owned Enterprises(SOEs)in China has made great achievements in the past 40 years, from the initial “marketization exploration”, followed by “corporatization transformation” and “formalized regulation” into the recent stage of “diversified governance”.The governance structure of SOEs with Chinese characteristics is represented by five typical facts: the “diversity” of the form of SOEs under the background of the mixed ownership;the “otherness” of the state assets management system mode under the classification regulation reform in recent years;the “flexibility” of micro incentive mechanism in SOEs authorized by the decentralization reform;the “complexity” of the SOEs governance mode with the CPC leadership and the party organization embedded governance structure;as well as the “universality” of stakeholders and the governance bodies to participate in decision-making and supervision. Looking forward to the future, there are still many problems and challenges in the corporate governance of SOEs. China should continue to deepen the reform along the marketization direction and corporatization road, improve the modern corporate system, combine the principle of “neutral competition”, give consideration with norms and efficiency, performance and responsibility, so as to achieve the “good governance” of SOEs.

关 键 词：国企改革 公司治理 新国企 

分 类 号：F271[经济管理—企业管理]