论乡村治理中项目制的优势与限度——基于马克思主义国家理论的视角  

The Advantages and Limitations of Project System in Rural Governance ——Based on the Perspective of Marxist State Theory

作　　者：赵成福[1] 田杨 Zhao Chengfu;Tian Yang

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会主义研究》2022年第2期110-116,共7页Socialism Studies

摘　　要：通过项目制的形式进行乡村治理符合中国特色社会主义制度的内在逻辑。项目制既有利于推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化,又有助于解决中国社会发展不平衡和不充分的矛盾。以马克思主义国家理论为“透镜”审视乡村治理中的项目制,其优势在于价值合理性、工具合理性以及二者的统一。即项目制体现出以人民为中心的政治底色、提高了农民的政治认同;增强了国家化解社会主要矛盾的能力、激活了乡村治理的内生要素。然而,由于项目主体行为逻辑间的张力,导致项目制辩证性地存在限度。中央政府、基层政府、乡村社会与农民等主体之间行为逻辑的差异,使得“项目”主体的目标定位、行为方式、利益判断存在罅隙。从国家治理能力现代化的要求看,构建科学、合理的项目主体结构,理顺项目主体间行为关系是充分发挥项目制治理优势的基本前提。Rural governance in the form of the project system is in line with the internal logic of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.The project system is not only conducive to promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity,but also helps to address the social contradiction of unbalanced and inadequate development.Taking Marx’stheory of State as the "lens" to examine the project system in rural governance,its advantages lie in value rationality,tool rationality and the unity of the two.Specifically,the project system reflects the political background of taking the people as the center,improves the political identification of farmers,enhances the national ability to solve the main social contradiction,and activates the endogenous elements of rural governance.However,the project system has dialectical limitations,possibly due to the tension of the behavioral logic among the project subjects.The differences of behavioral logic among the central government,grass-roots government,rural society and farmers make gaps in the target orientation,behavior mode and interest judgment of the “project” subjects.According to the requirements of the modernization of national governance capacity,constructing a scientific and reasonable project subject structure and straightening out the behavior relationship among project subjects are the basic premise to give full play to the advantages of project system in governance.

关 键 词：乡村治理 项目制 治理能力现代化 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] A811[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]