西夏民间契约中的违约责任  

Liability for Breach of Contract in Xixia Folk Contracts

作　　者：邵方[1] SHAO Fang

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法律史学研究院

出　　处：《法学评论》2022年第4期184-196,共13页Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中华法系与中华法律文化问题研究”(项目批准号:20ZH037)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国古代法律对契约采取“有限介入”原则,充分保障当事人意思自治的有效落实,西夏法律同样继承并发展了这一模式。西夏法典《天盛律令》在保证契约立约双方当事人合意的基础上,对交易原则、违约情状、责任承担等方面进行宏观规制,而民间私契对于双方认可的违约内容再做出具体约定,形成了有效的契约保障体系。西夏不同类型契约的违约条款,在考虑交易方式不同所带来的差异问题外,总体呈现出较为一致的程式,也说明西夏契约的发展已达到一个较高的阶段。Ancient Chinese laws adopted the principle of limited involvement to civil contract,so as to guarantee the implementation of the autonomy of will for parties.Xixia law also inherited that pattern and developed it.The Code of Xixia,the New Law and Rules of Tiansheng Era regulated transaction rules,circumstances of contract breach,accountabilities.on the macro level,based on consensus of parties of the contract.And the civil contract may stipulate concrete provisions relating to breach of contract,thereby formed an effective safeguarding system for civil contract.The provisions for contract breach from different types of contracts in Xixia manifested relatively unified format in general,given the differences arising from varied ways of transaction,illustrated that the status of Xixia contracts had reached a relatively advanced level.

关 键 词：西夏 契约 天盛律令 违约责任 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]