论放火罪相关问题  

On Issues Related to the Crime of Arson

作　　者：[日]桥爪隆(著)[1] 王昭武(译) Hashizume Takashi

机构地区：[1]日本东京大学大学院法学政治学研究科 [2]云南大学法学院

出　　处：《法治现代化研究》2022年第3期184-200,共17页Law and Modernization

摘　　要：放火罪包括向现住建筑物等放火罪、向非现住建筑物等放火罪以及向建筑物等以外之物放火罪。判断是否具有“现住性”,应该以是否存在作为居所使用的实质为出发点,居住者之居住意思的持续性也属于重要的判断材料,不过,基本应排除“内部有人的可能性”的场合,就存在例外地否定现住性的余地。有关建筑物的整体性,大多是在现住、现在部分与非现住、非现在部分连在一起(或者相邻)之时,作为是否成立向现住建筑物等放火罪的问题来探讨。一般而言,只要存在物理上的整体性或者功能上的整体性,就能够肯定建筑物的整体性。对阻燃性建筑物而言,只有同时缺少延烧的可能性与功能上的整体性,才例外地否定现住性、现在性。放火罪的本质是公共危险犯,因此,对于“烧毁”概念的理解,应该以“独立燃烧说”为前提,同时要求存在某种程度持续燃烧的可能性;所谓“公共危险”,也不限于延烧至特定建筑物等的危险,还包括针对不特定或者多数人的生命、身体,或者特定建筑物等之外的财产的危险。The crime of arson includes the crime of setting fire to buildings where you live, the crime of setting fire to non-resident buildings, etc., and the crime of setting fire to things other than buildings. Judging whether there is “current actual residence” should be based on whether there is a substance used as a residence. The continuity of the resident’s intention to live in the building is also an important factor for making judgment. However, the “possibility of someone being inside” should basically be excluded, and there is room for exceptionally denying the state of “current actual residence”. Regarding the integrity of the building, most of the time, when the current actual residence, the current part of residence and the non-current residence and the non-current part of the residence are physically connected(or adjacent), the question of whether the crime of arson to the current actual residence building is established will be seriously discussed. Generally speaking, as long as there is physical integrity or functional integrity, the integrity of a building can be affirmed. For flame-retardant buildings, only if the possibility of burning down and the functional integrity do not exist at the same time, the current actual residence and the presentness are exceptionally denied. The essence of the crime of arson is a crime of causing public dangers. Therefore, the understanding of the concept of “burning down” should be based on the “independent burning theory” and at the same time require the possibility of continuous burning to some extent. The so-called “public dangers” are not limited to the danger of burning to a specific building: they also include the danger to the life, body, or property other than a specific building, etc. of an unspecified person or many people.

关 键 词：放火罪 现住性 建筑物整体性 烧毁 公共危险 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]