拼音对汉语二语初学者汉语阅读作用的眼动追踪研究  

The effect of Pinyin on Chinese reading for Chinese as second language beginning learners: Evidence from eye movements

作　　者：于秒 孙会 逄小婷 YU Miao;SUN Hui;PANG Xiaoting

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理学部,300387

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2022年第4期20-30,共11页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“自然阅读中汉语二语学习者汉字加工策略的发展变化研究”(项目编号:20BYY098)的资助。

摘　　要：初级汉语教学中常使用汉语拼音作为注音工具帮助二语学习者进行汉语阅读。但关于拼音在初学者汉语二语阅读过程中的作用尚不清楚且无相关的实证研究证据支持。本研究以来华学习汉语的初级水平苏格兰留学生为被试,采用眼动技术对其进行了为期1年4个阶段的追踪研究,以探究拼音对汉语二语阅读的作用时程。研究发现:从第一阶段到第四阶段,被试对有拼音汉字文本的注视时间和注视次数均短于和少于无拼音汉字文本,这表明拼音能显著提高被试所有阶段的汉语阅读效率;随着汉语水平的提高,被试对拼音的依赖逐渐减少,对汉字的注意力分配却逐渐增多;第四学习阶段可以成为逐步减少拼音依赖的参照点。Pinyin has long been used as a phonic transcription system to help beginning learners of Chinese as second language(CSL)read Chinese texts in elementary Chinese courses.However,it is still unclear when Pinyin promotes Chinese reading and when its effect weakens for CSL learners so that they can no longer rely on Pinyin.Nor is there relevant empirical evidence so far.Using the eye tracking,this four-stage longitudinal study investigates the effect of Pinyin on Scottish CSL’s Chinese reading.The results show that from the first stage to the fourth stage,both fixation time and fixation counts are fewer for Chinese texts with Pinyin than those without Pinyin.This suggests that Pinyin has a significant promoting effect on all stages of Chinese reading.With the improvement of the proficiency of the CSL,the dependence of Pinyin gradually decreases,while the attention allocation on Chinese characters gradually increases.The fourth stage can serve as a reference point of gradually reducing dependence on Pinyin.

关 键 词：拼音 汉语阅读 汉语二语初学者 眼动 追踪研究 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]