平菇单核体与双核体差异的RAPD分析  

RAPD Analysis on Differences between Monokaryotic and Dikaryotic Pleurotus ostreatus

作　　者：张朝辉[1,2] 王勋[1] 陈天航 梅会元 韩盼盼 刘天翔 王振河[2] 邱立友[1] ZHANG Chaohui;WANG Xun;CHEN Tianhang;MEI Huiyuan;HAN Panpan;LIU Tianxiang;WANG Zhenhe;QIU Liyou(College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering of Agricultural Microbiology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang,Henan 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院/农业农村部农业微生物酶工程重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]河南科技学院生命科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2022年第5期648-653,共6页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关计划项目(202102110019、212102110430);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110467035X)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究平菇单双核菌丝体间的差异,为平菇品种培育提供技术理论基础。【方法】从平菇TD300的担孢子中分离得到两个单核菌株MK13和MK3,通过交配得到优良双核菌株DK300,进行平板试验和出菇试验,测定4个菌株的菌丝生长状况和出菇产量,再利用随机扩增多态性DNA(Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA,RAPD)标记技术检测4个菌株之间的遗传差异性。【结果】DK300与亲本TD300在菌丝生长状况和产量上没有显著性差异,但MK13、MK3和交配所得的DK300与亲本TD300间存在较大的遗传差异性,而MK13、MK3和DK300间遗传差异性较小,尤其是MK3和DK300间遗传差异性最小。【结论】经过减数分裂形成担孢子时可能发生有基因重组,而通过两个单核菌株交配得到双核菌株过程则较少发生基因重组。【Objective】Differences between uni-and bi-nucleate mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus were studied to aid the mushroom breeding and cultivation.【Method】Monokaryons MK13 and MK3 were isolated from basidiospores of P.ostreatus TD300 and mated to obtain the dikaryotic DK300.Conventional plate and fruiting tests were applied to compare the mycelial growth and fruiting body yield of the 4 strains.Genetic differences of the strains were determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)markers.【Result】There were no significant differences in mycelial growth and fruiting body yield between DK300 and TD300.However,a significant genetic difference existed between the offspring(i.e.,MK13,MK3,and DK300)and parent TD300.The differences among MK13,MK3,and DK300 were minute,especially between MK3 and DK300.【Conclusion】Gene recombination might occur during the basidiospore formation by meiosis,but less likely in the mating of two monokaryotic strains to generate a dikaryotic offspring.

关 键 词：平菇 单核体 双核体 产量 遗传差异性 

分 类 号：S646.14[农业科学—蔬菜学]