古代日本移植唐《户令》乡邻诸法之研究  

A Study on the Transplant of Tang Dynasty Laws of the Neighbors to Ancient Japan

作　　者：郭娜[1] Guo Na(Sichuan International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学日语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2022年第3期32-39,共8页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金项目(西部)“日本古代土地制度史研究”(批准号:21XSS001)的阶段研究成果,项目主持人:郭娜。

摘　　要：在社会结构与政治体制上,古代日本的天皇制与中国唐代的中央集权皇帝制之间存在显著差异。从《唐令拾遗》《令集解》等两国复原的令法条文中可以看出,古代日本为建立律令国家在移植中国律令法的同时亦立足国情对唐令作出了本质上的取舍与修正。因地缘性村落共同体尚未成熟,古代日本在效仿唐《户令》编纂乡里法、邻保法、宗族法时将唐代自然区划与行政区划并存的二元统治结构改为单一的一元化行政统治结构,实则将村落共同体内部的政治及社会生活机能悉数转嫁于国家机关,并以此实现了旧有氏族制等社会秩序的法制化。旧法的残存与唐制的继承并行不悖成为古代日本接受中国律令法的重要特色。In terms of social structure and political system,there are significant differences between the imperial system in ancient Japan and the centralized imperial system in China’s Tang dynasty.It can be seen from the decrees restored by the two countries,such as in Supplements to Tang Ling and Ling Ji Jie,that in order to establish a legal state,ancient Japan transplanted Chinese decrees and laws and at the same time made essential choices and amendments according to the national conditions.Due to the non-centralized nature of the geographical village community in ancient Japan,the dual governance structure of natural divisions and administrative divisions in Tang dynasty law became transformed into a single unified administrative governance structure when compiling the Village Law,Neighbor Protection Law,and Clan Law following the Tang Hu Ling.By doing so,the political and social life functions within the village community were actually transferred to state organs,and consequently,the legalization of social orders,like the old clan system,was realized.The survival of the old law and the inheritance of the Tang system have become an important feature of ancient Japan’s acceptance of the Chinese laws.

关 键 词：古代日本 唐代 户令 乡邻诸法 受容 

分 类 号：D929[政治法律—法学]