话语礼貌理论视域下汉日拒绝场景请求行为对比研究——基于同性之间亲近关系的维度  

A Contrastive Study of Requests in Refusal Scenes between Chinese and Japanese from the Perspective of Discourse Politeness Theory:With Reference to the Intimacy among People of the Same Sex

作　　者：项往 毋育新[2] 储天阳 Xiang Wang;Wu Yuxin;Chu Tianyang(Xi’an International Studies University;Dalian University of Foreign Languages)

机构地区：[1]西安外国语大学研究生院 [2]西安外国语大学日本文化经济学院 [3]大连外国语大学日本语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2022年第3期49-60,共12页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金项目(西部项目)“面向人机对话系统的日语语用距离调节机制研究”(批准号:21XYY009)的阶段研究成果。项目主持人:毋育新;2021年度辽宁省教育厅高等学校基本科研项目(青年项目)“后疫情时代日本外务大臣答记者问政治话语中的模糊限制语研究”(项目编号:LJKQR2021056)的阶段研究成果。项目主持人:储天阳;2020年度西安外国语大学研究生科研基金资助项目“拒绝场景‘请求’语篇的汉日对比研究——以话语礼貌理论为依据”(项目编号:BSZD2020007)的阶段研究成果。项目主持人:项往。

摘　　要：本研究依据日本学者宇佐美まゆみ的话语礼貌理论,以女性好友间的请求对话为例,对汉语母语者和日语母语者拒绝场景请求行为的“语步”和“表述连锁链”进行了对比分析,挖掘差异背后蕴含的文化动因。结果显示:汉语母语者和日语母语者在“替代方案”“插入后话题”“道歉”的使用上存在显著性差异;施行请求行为后,如得到否定回应,日语母语者多会撤回请求,而汉语母语者倾向再次请求;与同意场景相比,汉语母语者通过增加“开场白”“替代方案”,日语母语者通过增加“开场白”“插入后话题“”道歉”等委婉表达方式缓和语气。Based on the discourse politeness theory put forward by Usami Mayumi,this study focuses on requests in refusal scenes between Chinese and Japanese,taking the request conversations between female friends as an example,to analyze and contrast the similarities and differences of"move"and"utterance sequence"between Chinese and Japanese,and to explore the underlying cultural motivations.The study shows that there are significant differences in the use of"alternative scheme","post topic insertion"and"apology"between Chinese and Japanese native speakers;after the request behavior,if a negative response is received,Japanese native speakers will withdraw their requests,while Chinese native speakers tend to request again;Compared with the consent scene,Chinese native speakers soften the tone by adding"prologue"and"alternative scheme",while Japanese native speakers soften the tone by adding"prologue","post topic insertion"and"apology".

关 键 词：请求行为 拒绝场景 语步 表述连锁链 话语礼貌理论 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]