儿童上颌多生牙拔除对恒牙萌出及牙畸形的临床研究  

Clinical Study on the Extraction of Permanent Teeth and Tooth Malformation in Children with Maxillary Multiple Teeth Extraction

作　　者：王亚娟 张淑霞[1] 马瑞娟 WANG Ya-juan;ZHANG Shu-xia;MA Rui-juan(Department of Stomatology,Xuchang Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology,Xuchang,Henan,461000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学附属许昌市中心医院口腔科,河南许昌461000

出　　处：《黑龙江医学》2022年第13期1550-1553,共4页Heilongjiang Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨儿童上颌多生牙拔除对恒牙萌出及牙畸形的临床研究。方法:选择河南科技大学附属许昌市中心医院收治的102例4~10岁的上颌牙多生儿童作为研究对象,按照多生牙间隙分为三组,间隙高于10 mm为MT组(37例)、间隙在5~10 mm为DT组(46例),间隙在1~5 mm为LT组(19例)。手术拔除多生牙,观察牙间隙关闭、中切牙萌生及畸形牙齿改善情况。结果:将102例患儿根据中切牙间隙不同分为三组,从多生牙的位置、萌出情况、多生牙的数目及牙齿畸形四方面进行比较,三组患儿在多生牙数目上,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.455,P<0.001),其他因素差异性无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.511、1.497、1.294,P>0.05);术后,三组患儿多生牙牙间隙均减少,MT组有83.78%的患儿间隙<1.5 mm,DT组有89.13%的患儿间隙<1.5 mm,LT组有94.74的患儿间隙<1.5 mm,三组相比差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.673,P=0.714);手术能够保住三组患儿中切牙萌出,覆合情况:MT组、DT组及LT组正常覆合的概率为89.19%、93.47%及94.73%,三组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.935,P<0.05);覆盖情况:MT组、DT组及LT组正常覆合的概率为86.49%、91.30%及94.73%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.128,P<0.05);术前三组患儿均出现一定程度的牙齿畸形,包含中切牙阻生、间隙,术后1年随访摄片发现,三组患儿牙齿畸形恢复较好,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.713,P>0.05)。结论:手术拔除多生牙有利于减少牙齿间隙,帮助恒牙萌出,改善牙齿畸形。Objective:To investigate the extraction of permanent teeth and the development of dental malformation in children with maxillary multiple teeth extraction.Methods:A total of 102 children aged 4-10 years with supernumerary maxillary teeth ad⁃mitted to the hospital were selected and divided into three groups according to the space between the supernumerary teeth.A gap of more than 10 mm was used as the MT group(37 cases),a gap of 5-10 mm was used as the DT group(46 cases),and a gap of 1-5 mm was used as the LT group(19 cases).Surgical extraction of supernumerary teeth was performed,and the closure of inter⁃dental spaces,the eruption of central incisors and the improvement of deformed teeth were observed.Results:The 102 children were divided into 3 groups according to the difference of central incisor space,and the position of supernumerary teeth,eruption situation,the number of supernumerary teeth and tooth deformity were compared.There was statistically significant difference in the number of supernumerary teeth among the three groups(χ^(2)=26.455,P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in other fac⁃tors(χ^(2)=0.511,1.497,1.294,P>0.05).After operation,the interdental spaces of the supernumerary teeth in the three groups re⁃duced.83.78%of the children in the MT group had a gap of less than 1.5 mm,89.13%of the children in the DT group had a gap of less than 1.5 mm,and 94.74%of the children in the LT group had a gap of less than 1.5 mm,the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.673,P=0.714).Surgery was able to preserve the eruption of the central incisors in the three groups of children.The probability of normal overlap in MT group,DT group and LT group were 89.19%,93.47%and 94.73%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=3.935,P<0.05).The probability of normal overlap in MT group,DT group and LT group was 86.49%,91.30%and 94.73%,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.128,P<0.05).All three groups had a certain degree of dental deformity bef

关 键 词：多生牙 多生牙间隙 恒牙萌出 牙齿畸形 

分 类 号：R782[医药卫生—口腔医学]