疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表的初步编制及信度和效度分析  

Developm ent of nurses’work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control

作　　者：蒋召彬 陈永侠[2] 王胜男 魏涛 张泽宇 赵爽 杨秀木[1,3] JIANG Zhaobin;CHEN Yongxia;WANG Shengnan;WEI Tao;ZHANG Zeyu;ZHAO Shuang;YANG Xiumu(School of Nursing,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu,Anhui 233000,China;Nursing Department of the First Affiliated Hospital,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu,Anhui 233000,China;Research Center for General Practice Education Development,Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu,Anhui 233000,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院护理学院,安徽蚌埠233000 [2]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院护理部,安徽蚌埠233000 [3]蚌埠医学院全科医学教育发展研究中心,安徽蚌埠233000

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2022年第3期287-292,共6页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

基　　金：安徽省高校人文社会科学重点研究基地“蚌埠医学院全科医学教育发展研究中心”招标项目(SK2018A0183);安徽省教育厅重点教研项目(2019jyxm1254);蚌埠医学院人文社会科学攀登计划(2020bypd206sk);蚌埠医学院研究生科研创新计划项目(BYYcxz20010)。

摘　　要：目的编制疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表,并检验其信效度。方法通过质性访谈结合文献和已有量表形成条目池,经课题组逐条讨论形成初始量表。选取临床在职护士进行量表的测试,第一次测试数据(n=369)进行项目分析(使用了极端值法、相关系数法和内部一致性分析)和探索性因素分析(主成分最大变异法),第二次测试数据(n=851)进行验证性因素分析(构建结构方程模型)和信度检验。结果疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表共保留70个条目,包含11个维度:工作要求、领导特点、经济因素、同事关系、职业发展、角色要求、个性特点、医护关系、医院环境、护患关系、家庭因素。各条目因素负荷量在0.536-0.821之间,累积方差贡献率为75.997%。验证性因素分析结果表明量表建构拟合度良好(χ^(2)/df=2.348,RMR=0.029,RMSEA=0.040,CFI=0.950,TLI=0.947,PGFI=0.767)。总量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.982,11个维度的Cronbach’sα系数在0.774-0.968之间。结论疫情常态化防控时期护士工作压力源量表具有良好的信度和效度,可用于测量常态化防控期间护士的工作压力水平。Objective To develop a scale of nurses’work stressor used in the regular period of epidemic prevention and control and test its reliability and validity.Methods The items pool was formed through qualitative interview,available literature and scales,and the initial scale was formed through item by item discussion by the research group.Clinical in-service nurses were selected to test the proposed scale.The first test data(n=369)were used for item analysis(by extreme value method,correlation coefficient method and internal consistency analysis)and exploratory factor analysis(by principal component maximum variation method),and the second test data(n=851)were used for confirmatory factor analysis(by construction of structural equation model)and reliability test.Results The nurses’work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control retained 11 dimensions including 70 items,namely job requirements,leadership characteristic,economic factors,colleague relation,career development,role requirements,personality characteristic,nurse-physician relationship,hospital environment,nurse-patient relationship and family factors.The factor loading of each item was between 0.536-0.821,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.997%.The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale model fitted well(χ^(2)/df=2.348,RMR=0.029,RMSEA=0.040,CFI=0.950,TLI=0.947,PGFI=0.767).The Cronbach’alpha coefficient of the total scale was 0.982,and the alpha coefficients of the 11 dimensions were between 0.774-0.968.Conclusions The nurses’work stressors scale used in regular period of epidemic prevention and control had a good reliability and validity,and could be used to measure the work stress level of nurses in regular period of epidemic prevention and control.

关 键 词：常态化防控 护士 工作压力 量表 信度 效度 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学]