风电与火电的竞争性上网定价优化--碳约束政策的影响研究  

Optimization of pricing strategies for competitive grid-connected wind power and thermal power:The impact of carbon constraint policies

作　　者：谢家平 魏礼红 张为四 朱卫君 孔令丞[4] XIE Jia-ping;WEI Li-hong;ZHANG Wei-si;ZHU Wei-jun;KONG Ling-cheng(College of Business,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai 200433,China;International Business School,Shanghai University of International Business and Economics,Shanghai 201620,China;Institute of Logistics Science and Engineering Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Business,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学商学院,上海200433 [2]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸学院,上海201620 [3]上海海事大学物流科学与工程研究院,上海201306 [4]华东理工大学商学院,上海200237

出　　处：《管理科学学报》2022年第6期100-126,共27页Journal of Management Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72073044);国家社会科学基金资助项目(20AJY008);上海财经大学研究生创新基金资助项目(CXJJ-2018-339)。

摘　　要：电力行业的高排放问题加速了碳约束时代的到来.本研究考虑不同的碳约束政策,针对由发电商-售电商组成的电力供应链,建构成本共担契约,研究碳约束下电力竞价与上网策略问题,并为碳排放规制政策在电力市场的推行提出建议.本研究表明:1)在竞争性的供电市场中解决风电上网难题,不但需平衡风电间歇性,而且需关注火电发电成本;2)在激进型的碳配额政策或碳税政策下,成本共担契约的引入既能促进风电上网,亦能实现电力供应链利润的帕累托改进;3)不同碳约束环境对参与主体的影响取决于税率以及碳配额的大小.碳配额与碳交易政策虽对售电商没有益处,但在适当的碳配额下,却是促进整个电力供应链发展的最优政策,此时,政府减少碳排放的有利举措为缩减碳配额或提高碳价,本研究揭示了政府策略选择应遵循的临界点.The high emissions of the power industry have accelerated the advent of the carbon constraint era.This paper,considering different carbon constraint policies,constructs a cost-sharing contract for the electricity supply chain composed of power generators(awind power supplier and a thermal power supplier)and an electricity retailer.The aim is to study the bidding strategies for interconnection to grids under carbon emission constraint,and examine the impact of different carbon policies on the electricity market.Our research shows that:1)Whether it is possible to solve the difficulties of wind power grid connection in a competitive power supply market relates not only to the reduction of wind power intermittency,but also to the cost of thermal power generation 2)Under an aggressive carbon cap policy or carbon tax policy,the introduction of a cost sharing contract both promotes the grid connection of wind power and achieves a pareto improvement in the profit of the power supply chain.3)The impact of each carbon constraint policy on power supply chain depends on the scale of both the tax rate and the carbon capAlthough the cap and trade policy is not ideal for the electricity retailer,it is the optimal policy that promotes the development of the entire power system under an appropriate carbon cap.Atthis point,theeffective measurefor the governmentto reduce carbonemissions is either to reduce carbon caps or increase carbon trading prices,and the govemment's strategy follows a twothreshold policy.

关 键 词：上网电价 竞价上网 碳约束政策 成本共担 风电 

分 类 号：F274[经济管理—企业管理]