人工智能时代技能溢价的影响路径研究  

Research on the Influencing Path of Skill Premium inthe AI Era

作　　者：李志强[1] 刘英 魏琳[2] LI Zhi-qiang;LIU Ying;WEI Lin(Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学统计学院,江西南昌330013 [2]江西财经大学当代财经杂志社,江西南昌330013

出　　处：《当代财经》2022年第7期16-26,共11页Contemporary Finance and Economics

基　　金：江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目“人工智能对就业影响的不确定性问题研究:机器学习视角”(TJ21101);江西省社会科学基金项目“双循环新格局下人工智能驱动江西制造业高质量发展研究”(21GL10);国家自然科学基金项目“复杂性视角下民生系统的综合评价研究——以江西为例”(71663024)。

摘　　要：作为引领中国经济高质量发展的新动能,人工智能等新技术的应用是否会带来技能溢价上涨并影响劳动力收入不平等?这是一个有待回答的重要问题。利用2018年全国流动人口和城市截面数据的实证研究表明,智能技术显著扩大了技能溢价,其中集聚经济和创业活跃度是影响技能溢价的主要路径;进一步研究发现,智能技术对技能溢价的影响存在群体效应和选择效应,在工作稳定和高收入群体、流动时间较长和市外流动的群体中,智能技术的技能偏向性更加明显。这意味着,在人工智能时代合理利用智能技术可以更加充分地发挥技能溢价的作用。As a new driving force in guiding China’s high-quality economic development, AI and other new technologies also bring some important questions for us to answer, such as whether their application will lead to a rise in skill premium and affect labor income inequality. Based on the national floating population and urban cross-sectional data in 2018, this paper con ducts an empirical study. The findings show that the intelligent technology has significantly enlarged the skill premium,in which the agglomeration economy and entrepreneurial activities are the main paths influencing skill premium. It is further found that there are group effects and selection effects in the influence of intelligent technology on skill premium. The skill bias of intelligent technology is more obvious in the groups with stable jobs, higher income, longer mobile time and outside-the-city movements. This means that in the era of artificial intelligence, the rational use of intelligent technology can give full play to the skill premium.

关 键 词：智能技术 技能溢价 群体效应 选择效应 

分 类 号：F244[经济管理—劳动经济]