2021年浙江省宁波市南美白对虾养殖期EHP和DIV1病原监测  

Etiological Surveillance for EHP and DIV1 in Penaeus vannamei in Ningbo City of Zhejiang Province in 2021

作　　者：王雯琼 柳海 徐胜威 葛明峰 许昊川 江维洁 Wang Wenqiong;Liu Hai;Xu Shengwei;Ge Mingfeng;Xu Haochuan;Jiang Weijie(Ningbo Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315012,China;Ningbo Branch of ABC Life Insurance Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波市海洋与渔业研究院,浙江宁波315012 [2]农银人寿保险股份有限公司宁波分公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2022年第8期35-39,55,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：宁波市公益类科技计划项目(2021S076)。

摘　　要：为了解浙江省宁波市南美白对虾主养区虾肝肠胞虫(EHP)、十足目虹彩病毒1(DIV1)的流行规律,2021年3—9月,在宁波市鄞州、象山、宁海、奉化等地区的15个养殖场共采集119批次南美白对虾养成期样本,采用PCR方法检测EHP和DIV1。结果显示:EHP批次阳性率为26.9%(32/119),DIV1批次阳性率为10.9%(13/119),EHP+DIV1混合感染批次阳性率为2.5%(3/119);EHP批次阳性率在各个养殖区域之间差异不显著(P>0.05),象山的DIV1批次阳性率最高,为30.4%(7/23),显著高于奉化(P<0.05),但与其他两地差异不显著(P>0.05);EHP批次阳性率在体长3 cm以上的虾样中显著高于小于3 cm的虾样(P<0.05),而DIV1批次阳性率在不同体长对虾中均无显著差异(P>0.05);EHP批次阳性率4—5月显著低于6—9月(P<0.05),DIV1批次阳性率7—8月显著高于其他月份(P<0.05);EHP在体表发红症状的批次中未检出,在其余症状的批次中均有检出,DIV1在有体表发红症状的批次中阳性率较高,为91.0%(10/11)。结果表明:EHP在宁波市流行严重,主要流行于体长大于3 cm的养殖中后期对虾,前期感染症状不明显;DIV1流行得到一定的控制,现主要流行于体长3~6 cm的对虾,体表发红是DIV1感染的重要病症;两种病原在夏季都有较强的流行趋势,需针对性加强防控。本监测初步掌握了宁波市南美白对虾中EHP和DIV1的流行规律,为宁波市南美白对虾病害防控提供了参考。In order to find out the prevalence rules of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)and decapod iridescent virus1(DIV1)in Penaeus vannamei in the main breeding area in Ningbo City,from March to September 2021,119 batches of Penaeus vannamei samples were collected from 15 farms in Yinzhou,Xiangshan,Ninghai and Fenghua in Ningbo City to detect EHP and DIV1 by PCR.The results showed that the batch positive rate of EHP was 26.9%(32/119),the batch positive rate of DIV1 was 10.9%(13/119),and that of mixed infection with EHP+DIV1 was 2.5%(3/119);that of EHP was not significantly different among each area(P>0.05)and that of DIV1 was highest in Xiangshan,which was 30.4%(7/23)and higher than that in Fenghua(P<0.05),but slightly different from the other two regions(P>0.05);the positive rate of EHP was significantly higher in shrimp samples with the body length>3 cm than in those<3 cm(P<0.05),while that of DIV1 was not significantly different in those with different body lengths;that of EHP from April to May was significantly lower than that from June to September(P<0.05),and that of DIV1 from July to August was significantly higher than other months(P<0.05);except the batches with the symptom of reddening on body surface,EHP was detected from those with other symptoms,and the positive rate of DIV1 was higher in those with the symptom of reddening on body surface,which was 91.0%(10/11).In conclusion,EHP was seriously prevalent in Ningbo City,especially in the shrimps with the body length>3 cm,but with slightly infection sympoms at early stage;DIV1 was controlled to certain extent,and now mainly in the shrimps with body length ranging from 3 to 6 cm,with main symptom of reddening on body surface;both pathogens were strongly prevalent in summer,which should be targetedly prevented and controlled.The prevalence rules of EHP and DIV1 in Penaeus vannamei were primarily investigated,which provided a reference for disease prevention and control of Penaeus vannamei in Ningbo City.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 虾肝肠胞虫 十足目虹彩病毒1 病原检测 

分 类 号：S852.63[农业科学—基础兽医学]