平武白马语“来”义动词研究  

A Study on the“COME”Verbs in the Pingwu Baima Language

作　　者：冯诗涵 FENG Shihan

机构地区：[1]贵州大学外国语学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《民族语文》2022年第3期33-44,共12页Minority Languages of China

基　　金：中国语言资源保护工程“濒危语言调查项目管理(YB1925B001)”“贵州大学引进人才科研项目(贵大人基合字(2021)21号)”的资助

摘　　要：武白马语的“来”义动词存在非命令式和命令式的对立。ui^(35)/u^(53)、co^(31)是“来”义动词的非命令式,ui^(35)用于完成体小句,u^(53)用于非完成体小句,均具有多种句法语义功能;ui^(35)进一步语法化为兼表自知功能的完成体助词uε^(35);co^(31)是一个兼表完成体和亲见示证功能的“来”义趋向动词。sugε^(53)、tcyε^(31)是“来”义动词的命令式,suε(53)的独立性强,可单独成句,并发展出代动词的用法;tcyε^(31)不能单独作谓语。A non-imperative versus imperative distinction exists in the“COME”verbs in the Pingwu Baima language.The non-imperative forms include ui^(35)/u^(53) and co^(31).Among them,both ui,the form used in perfect clauses,and u,the form used in imperfect clauses,have multiple syntactico-semantic functions,and uis is also the lexical source of the perfect and egophoric marker us,while co^(31) is a directional“COME”verb serving as perfect and visual evidentiality marker.On the other hand,suε^(53) and tcε^(31) are the two imperative forms.The self-contained suε^(53) can stand by itself to form a sentence and has developed a pro-verb function,while teyε^(31) can not act asapredicate by itself.

关 键 词：白马语 “来”义动词 趋向动词 语法化 语言接触 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]