中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病相关抗体及其致病机制的研究进展  

Progress in the research of antibody related to inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system and its pathogenesis

作　　者：林柳余 杭海伦 张纪红 陆杰[1] 陈道文[1] 石静萍[1] LIN Liu-yu;HANG Hai-lun;ZHANG Ji-hong(Department of Neurology,Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,210029 Nanjing,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属脑科医院神经内科,210029

出　　处：《临床神经病学杂志》2022年第3期216-220,共5页Journal of Clinical Neurology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(81500969);江苏省青年医学人才(QNRC2016052)。

摘　　要：CNS炎性脱髓鞘疾病是免疫介导的,可引起视神经、大脑、小脑、脑干、脊髓等部位脱髓鞘病变;包括多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)、抗髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白免疫球蛋白G抗体(MOG-IgG)相关疾病(MOGAD)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白星形细胞病等。特异性诊断生物标志物水通道蛋白4抗体的发现使得NMOSD的病理机制、诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗上取得显著的进步;抗MOG-IgG是MOGAD的致病性抗体;髓鞘碱性蛋白抗体、胶质纤维酸性蛋白抗体等在CNS炎性脱髓鞘疾病诊断与鉴别诊断中均发挥了重要作用。本文综述上述各CNS炎性脱髓鞘疾病相关抗体的研究进展。Inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS are immune-mediated,causing demyelinating lesions of the optic nerve,brain,cerebellum,brainstem,spinal cord.Including multiple sclerosis(MS),neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD),anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG(MOG-IgG)associated disorders(MOGAD),glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy,etc.The discovery of specific diagnostic biomarker aquaporin-4 IgG has made significant progress in the pathological mechanism,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.MOG-IgG is the pathogenic antibody of MOGAD.Myeline basic protein antibody and glial fibrillary acidic protein antibody play important roles in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating disease of CNS.This article summaries the progress of the antibodies related to CNS inflammatory demyelinating diseases.

关 键 词：CNS炎性脱髓鞘疾病 抗水通道蛋白4-抗体 抗髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白免疫球蛋白G-抗体 抗胶质纤维酸性蛋白-抗体 

分 类 号：R744.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]