堰塞湖风险评估快速检测与应急抢险技术和装备研发  

Rapid detection for risk assessment,emergency disposal technology and equipment development of barrier lakes

作　　者：蔡耀军 周招 杨兴国[3] 魏迎奇[4] 郑东健[5] 彭文祥 钟启明[7] 王衡 CAI Yao-jun;ZHOU Zhao;YANG Xing-guo;WEI Ying-qi;ZHENG Dong-jian;PENG Wen-xiang;ZHONG Qi-ming;WANG Heng(Changjiang Inst.of Survey,Planning,Design and Research,Wuhan 430010,China;Changjiang Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China;National Dam Safety Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan 430010,China;Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute,Nanjing 210029,China;CGGC Survey and Design Ltd.,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,湖北武汉430010 [2]长江设计集团有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [3]四川大学,四川成都610065 [4]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [5]河海大学,江苏南京210024 [6]国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010 [7]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029 [8]中国葛洲坝集团勘测设计有限公司,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2022年第7期1266-1280,共15页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508600);自主创新项目(BSH2021G03,BSH2021G01);博士后科学基金项目(2022M710490)。

摘　　要：中国西南高山峡谷地区极易因降雨或地震造成山体滑坡、泥石流堵塞天然河道形成堰塞湖,堰塞湖漫顶溃决极易形成超过历史最大天然洪水的溃决洪峰,严重威胁沿岸人民群众生命财产安全并破坏生态环境。鉴于当前堰塞湖风险处置技术水平尚难以满足堰塞湖高效应急处置需求,“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“堰塞湖风险评估快速检测与应急抢险技术和装备研发”以“高效快速、科学减灾”为目标,通过3年联合攻关,在揭示堰塞湖形成及溃决机理、堰塞湖多源信息快速获取、堰塞湖险情监控预警、堰塞湖风险评估以及堰塞湖应急处置和抢险装备研发等方面取得一系列创新成果,为堰塞湖高效处置提供了理论方法和科学手段,社会和经济效益显著,具有广阔的应用前景。Influenced by the severe rainfalls or earthquakes,landslides and debris flows are easy to occur in the mountainous and canyon areas of Southwest China,leading to blockage of rivers and formation of barrier lakes.Once overtopping breach occurs,the barrier lake is very easy to form a flood peak exceeding the largest natural flood in history,which severely threatens the lives and properties of the people along the river and destroys the ecological environment.During the 13th Five-Year Plan Period,the National Key Research and Development program“Rapid detection for risk assessment,emergency disposal technology and equipment development of barrier lakes”was Approved to solve the shortage problem of efficient emergency disposal technology of barrier lakes.After three years of joint researches,some innovations were made in the aspects of formation and breach mechanism,rapid acquisition of multi-source information,danger monitoring and early warning,risk evaluation,emergency disposal,emergency equipments of barrier lakes.The researches have provided a theoretical method and scientific means for the efficient disposal of barrier lakes with remarkable social and economic benefits and broad application prospects.

关 键 词：堰塞湖 溃决机理 多源信息 风险评估 应急处置 

分 类 号：TV62[水利工程—水利水电工程]