中国北方农牧交错带生态退耕时空分异及驱动因素  

Spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and driving factors of ecological restoration in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China

作　　者：孙丕苓 曲琳 刘庆果 许月卿 宫巧巧 SUN Piling;QU Lin;LIU Qingguo;XU Yueqing;GONG Qiaoqiao(School of Geography and Tourism,Qufu Normal University,Rizhao 276826,China;College of Land Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Rizhao Key Laboratory of Territory Spatial Planning and Ecological Construction,Rizhao 276826,China;Key Laboratory for Agricultural Land Quality,Monitoring and Control,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学地理与旅游学院,日照276826 [2]中国农业大学土地科学与技术学院,北京100193 [3]日照市国土空间规划与生态建设重点实验室,日照276826 [4]自然资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《资源科学》2022年第5期943-954,共12页Resources Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42101258);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(19YJCZH144);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2019QD006)。

摘　　要：厘清生态退耕时空格局及驱动因素对中国北方农牧交错带生态系统结构调整与生态修复具有重要意义。基于退耕指数、空间自相关分析、地理探测器等方法模型,剖析2000-2020年中国北方农牧交错带生态退耕时空分异特征,探究其驱动因素。结果表明:①2000—2020年中国北方农牧交错带生态退耕面积为27617.84 km^(2),年均退耕面积为1380.89 km^(2),退耕指数为10.27%,退耕耕地主要转化为草地、林地和水域,占退耕总面积的75.20%。②2000—2020年北方农牧交错带生态退耕空间集聚特征显著,高值集聚区趋于山区集中,并由东北向西南扩展,低值集聚区趋于省际边缘、市区及周边地区集中分布,呈现向东北转移态势。③生态退耕时空分异受自然因素、社会经济因素及政策因素的共同影响。坡向、海拔高程、生态工程数量、路网密度、年均降水量的影响程度不断增强,生态管控面积比、城镇化水平、年均气温的影响程度有所降低。各驱动因子交互作用对生态退耕时空分异呈现双因子增强和非线性增强效应。本文结果可为北方农牧交错带科学推进生态系统结构优化与生态文明建设提供参考。Clarifying the spatiotemporal pattern and driving factors of ecological restoration is of great significance for the adjustment of ecosystem structure and the restoration of regional ecological environment in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China(AENC).Taking the AENC as an example,this study explored the spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics and driving factors of ecological restoration in the region during 2000-2020 with the methods of returned farmland index,GIS spatial analysis,and geographical detector model.The results show that:(1)The total area of ecological restoration was 27617.84 km^(2) in the AENC during 2000-2020.The average annual area of ecological restoration was 1380.89 km^(2),and the returned farmland index was 10.27%.The farmland of the AENC converted by ecological restoration mainly became grassland,forestland,and water areas,accounting for 75.20%of the total area of returned farmland.(2)From 2000 to 2020,the spatial distribution of the ecological restoration area was characterized by remarkable spatial agglomeration in the region.High-value cluster areas tended to be concentrated in mountainous areas and expanded from northeast to southwest.Low-value cluster areas tended to be agglomerated in provincial border regions and urban districts and their surrounding regions,and were shifting to the southeast.(3)The spatiotemporal differentiation of ecological restoration was influenced by natural factors,socioeconomic factors,and policy factors.The impacts of aspect,elevation,number of ecological projects,road network density,and average annual precipitation enhanced continuously,while the influence of ecological control area ratio,urbanization level,and annual average temperature on ecological restoration had weakened.The interaction of driving factors showed significant dual-factor enhancement effect and non-liner enhancement effect on the spatiotemporal differentiation of ecological restoration.Finally,this study provides some scientific references for promoting the optimization of

关 键 词：生态退耕 时空分异 驱动因素 地理探测器模型 北方农牧交错带 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]