中国英语学习者双语认知收益的对比研究  

A Contrastive Analysis of Chinese EFL’s Bilingual Cognitive Benefits

作　　者：杨雯琴[1] 秦亚勋[1] Yang Wen-qin;Qin Ya-xun(School of Foreign Studies,Chang’an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学外国语学院,西安710064

出　　处：《外语学刊》2022年第4期84-90,共7页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金项目“中国英语学习者‘不地道’言语产出的心理认知机制和克服路径研究”(18XJC740011)和“社会认知视角下双语产出中的语言控制研究”(17YJC740024)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：双语使用经历会给双语者带来何种认知变化,尤其是否会带来“认知收益”,是当前心理语言学领域的一个热点议题。通过对比L2高、低水平的中国英语学习者这类匹配度更高的被试在西蒙箭头任务中的表现,本研究发现:L2高水平者无抑制收益上的优势;被试在实验任务中即时形成的“策略性应对”对抑制收益确有影响;L2高水平被试具有稳定的总体反应时优势。分析认为,双语抑制收益存在,但相应实验效应不易观测;策略性应对是一个可能的介入因素;总体反应时优势确是双语认知收益更可靠的指标,应引起后续研究的重视。As bilingualism is increasingly a norm instead of an exception globally, growing amounts of scholarly interests have been concentrated upon the topic as to what cognitive changes are possibly to take place in bilinguals as a result of their bilingual experiences, since it has long been corroborated that quite a few human capacities are domain-general. Cognitive benefits in particular as a possible type of cognitive changes are currently an especially controversial issue in psycholinguistic studies. The existence of cognitive benefits, if confirmed, will significantly dilute the well-established belief in the negative influence that bilingualism might incur. The related literature, though prolific, is generally unsatisfactory in that more or less uncomparable subjects were recruited in the experiments. In this study, two groups of more comparable subjects, i.e., higher & lower L2 proficiency Chinese EFL learners, were compared in terms of their performances in the Simon Arrow Task. It was found that higher proficiency lear-ners showed no advantages in inhibitory benefits;that participants’ ad hoc strategic countermeasures may affect their inhibitory be-nefits;and that higher proficiency learners showed a robust global RT advantages. It is argued that bilingual inhibitory benefits do exist but are difficult to be observed in experiments;participants’ countering strategies are one of the possible intervening factors;and global RT advantages as a more reliable indicator of bilingual cognitive benefits call for attention by future explorations along this line of inquiry.

关 键 词：双语认知收益 抑制 L2水平 策略性应对 总体反应时优势 

分 类 号：H319.5[语言文字—英语]