霞浦核电基地海洋生物放射性本底水平及辐射剂量评价  

Marine organism radioactivity baseline and radiological dose assessment near Xiapu Nuclear Power Plant,China

作　　者：付斌 吴春勇 余雯 何建华[3,4] FU Bin;WU Chunyong;YU Wen;HE Jianhua(China Nuclear Power Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100840,China;School of National Safety and Emergency Management,Beijing Normal University,Zhuhai 519087,China;West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Third Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]中国核电工程有限公司,北京100840 [2]北京师范大学国家安全与应急管理学院,广东珠海519087 [3]四川大学华西医院,四川成都610041 [4]自然资源部第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2022年第3期454-461,共8页Journal of Applied Oceanography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(12105378);北京师范大学珠海校区引进人才科研启动项目资助项目;中国辐射防护研究院自主科研项目开放基金资助项目。

摘　　要：为掌握霞浦核电基地海洋生物的放射性本底水平,在其周边50 km范围内采集5类9种海洋生物样品,测量其中的天然放射性核素^(238) U、^(232) Th、^(226) Ra、^(40) K,以及人工放射性核素^(137) Cs、^(134) Cs、^(90) Sr、^(58) Co、^(60) Co、^(54) Mn、^(110m) Ag、^(65) Zn的活度浓度并进行辐射剂量评价。结果显示,所有样品中^(134) Cs、^(58) Co、^(60) Co、^(54) Mn、^(110m) Ag、^(65) Zn的活度浓度均低于最小可探测活度浓度,^(238) U、^(232) Th、^(226) Ra、^(40) K、^(137) Cs和^(90) Sr的平均活度浓度分别为(0.48±0.48)、(0.86±1.20)、(0.27±0.34)、(74.3±43.0)、(0.023±0.019)、(0.242±0.167)Bq/kg,处于我国食品天然放射性本底水平内。当地公众由于食入海产品所致年有效剂量为55.1μSv/a,其中^(137) Cs、^(90) Sr所致剂量分别为0.021、0.49μSv/a;海洋生物所受辐射剂量为0.048~0.276μSv/h。当地公众及海洋生物所受辐射剂量均远低于国家标准限值或国际推荐控制值。本次调查为霞浦核电厂运行前海洋生物放射性本底建立了基线数据,并提出了今后海洋生物监测的重点核素,除^(137) Cs、^(134) Cs、^(90) Sr、^(58) Co、^(60) Co、^(54) Mn、^(110m) Ag、^(65) Zn,还应增加对^(3)H、^(14) C、^(131) I的监测。To obtain the radioactivity baseline of marine organisms near Xiapu Nuclear Power Plant(XNPP),we collected 9 marine organism samples in 5 taxonomic groups in waters within 50 km and analyzed the natural radionuclides 238 U,232 Th,226 Ra,40 K and artificial radionuclides 137 Cs,134 Cs,90 Sr,58 Co,60 Co,54 Mn,110m Ag and 65 Zn of the organisms.The radiological dose for local public and marine organisms were also assessed.The results showed that the radioactivities of 134 Cs,58 Co,60 Co,54 Mn,110m Ag and 65 Zn in all samples were lower than the detectable radioactivity limitation.The average radioactivities of 238 U,232 Th,226 Ra,40 K,137 Cs and 90 Sr were respectively(0.48±0.48),(0.86±1.20),(0.27±0.34),(74.3±43.0),(0.023±0.019)and(0.242±0.167)Bq/kg,which are within the normal radioactivity background level in China.The annual effective dose for the local public due to seafood consumption is 55.1μSv/year,of which the doses caused by 137 Cs and 90 Sr are 0.021 and 0.49μSv/a,respectively.The radiation dose rate for marine organisms is 0.048~0.276μSv/h.The radiation dose or dose rate for local public and marine organisms is far below the national regulation dose limit or the international recommended screening dose rate.This survey established baseline data for the marine biological radioactivity before the operation of XNPP and proposed that the key nuclides for future marine biological monitoring should include 3H,14 C,131 I and 210 Po,in addition to 137 Cs,134 Cs,90 Sr,58 Co,60 Co,54 Mn,110m Ag and 65 Zn.

关 键 词：海洋化学 海产品 放射性本底 辐射剂量评价 霞浦核电基地 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]