微生物发酵饲料对莱芜黑猪生长性能、氮磷排放、肠道消化酶活性和盲肠微生物的影响  

Effect of microbial fermented feed on growth performance,emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus,intestinal digestive enzyme activities and cecal microorganisms of Laiwu black pigs

作　　者：胡文平 王恩玲 张永翠 伏桂华 郭志有 梁启军 贾友朋 王志远 HU Wen-ping;WANG En-ling;ZHANG Yong-cui;FU Gui-hua;GUO Zhi-you;LIANG Qi-jun;JIA You-peng;WANG Zhi-yuan

机构地区：[1]山东畜牧兽医职业学院,山东潍坊261061 [2]潍坊市农牧生态循环工程技术研究中心,山东潍坊261061 [3]诸城市龙都畜牧兽医站,山东潍坊262201 [4]潍坊翔鹏农牧发展有限公司,山东潍坊262200

出　　处：《饲料研究》2022年第12期14-18,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：潍坊市科技局项目“全发酵饲料在莱芜黑猪育肥阶段的应用效果研究(项目编号:2020GX048)”;潍坊市农牧生态循环工程技术研究中心资助“潍坊市科学技术发展计划项目(项目编号:2019GX048)”;山东省生猪产业技术体系潍坊综合试验站(项目编号:SDAIT-08-15)。

摘　　要：试验研究微生物发酵饲料对莱芜黑猪生长性能、氮磷排放、肠道消化酶活性和盲肠微生物的影响。选取健康状况良好、体重相近的莱芜黑猪64头,随机分为2组,每组8个重复,每个重复4头猪,分别为微生态添加组和微生物发酵组。微生态制剂组在基础饲粮中添加0.2%的微生态制剂,微生物发酵组在基础饲粮中添加0.2%微生态制剂和30%水混匀发酵,于37℃发酵2 d。试验期70 d。结果显示:与微生态添加组相比,微生物发酵组莱芜黑猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量增加,料重比降低(P>0.05)。与微生态添加组相比,微生物发酵组莱芜黑猪粪便中氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),磷含量降低(P>0.05)。与微生态添加组相比,微生物发酵组莱芜黑猪十二指肠、空肠pH值降低,回肠pH值升高(P>0.05)。与微生态添加组相比,微生物发酵组莱芜黑猪的十二指肠内淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),莱芜黑猪空肠内淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),莱芜黑猪回肠内蛋白酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),回肠内淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性升高(P>0.05)。与微生态添加组相比,微生物发酵组莱芜黑猪盲肠内大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数降低,乳酸杆菌数增加(P>0.05)。研究表明,微生物发酵饲料能够提高莱芜黑猪肠道消化酶活性,增加肠道有益菌丰度,从而改善莱芜黑猪肠道健康,减少粪便氮排放,提高黑猪生长性能。The study was to study the effect of microbial fermentation feed on performance,nitrogen and phosphorus emissions,intestinal digestive enzyme activities and cecal microorganisms of Laiwu black pigs.64 healthy Laiwu black pigs with similar body weight were randomly divided into two groups,with eight replicates in each group and four pigs in each replicate,which were microecological addition group and microbial fermentation group,respectively.The pigs in probiotics group were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 0.2%probiotics,and the pigs in microbial fermentation group were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 0.2%probiotics and 30%water and fermented at 37℃for 2 d.The experiment lasted for 70 d.The results showed that compared with microecological supplementation group,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of Laiwu black pigs in microbial fermentation group were increased,and the feed to gain ratio of Laiwu black pigs was decreased(P>0.05).Compared with microecological supplemental group,nitrogen content in Laiwu black pig manure in microbial fermentation group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and phosphorus content in feces was decreased(P>0.05).Compared with microecological supplemental group,the pH values of duodenum and jejunum in microbial fermentation group were decreased,and the pH values of ileum were increased(P>0.05).Compared with microecological supplementation group,the activities of amylase,lipase and protease in duodenum of Laiwu black pigs in microbial fermentation group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the activities of amylase,lipase and protease in jejunum of Laiwu black pigs were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the activities of protease in ileum of Laiwu black pigs were significantly increased(P<0.05).The activities of amylase and lipase in ileum were increased(P>0.05).Compared with microecological supplemental group,the numbers of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cecum of Laiwu black pigs in microbial fermentation group were decreased,while the number of L

关 键 词：莱芜黑猪 微生物发酵饲料 生长性能 氮磷排放 肠道消化酶活性 盲肠微生物 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]