从马斯洛人生需求层次理论看地图学的进展  

Advances in cartography from the perspective of Maslow's hierarchy of needs

作　　者：李志林 蓝天 遆鹏 徐柱 LI Zhilin;LAN Tian;TI Peng;XU Zhu(Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China;Joint State-Province Engineering Laboratory of Spatial Information Technology for High-Speed Railway Safety,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,四川成都611756 [2]高速铁路运营安全空间信息技术国家地方联合工程实验室,四川成都611756

出　　处：《测绘学报》2022年第7期1536-1543,共8页Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41930104,41871365,42101442);四川省科技项目(2020JDTD0003)。

摘　　要：作为空间信息最重要的载体,地图担负着人们获取空间信息的需求,并伴随着人类文明从原始社会向农业社会、工业社会及信息社会的转变。研究地图学的发展历程不仅有助于认识人类文明的演变,也对地图学未来的发展具有指导意义。现有的研究主要以时间线或时间线加某一显著推动地图发展的典型事件进行地图进展不同阶段的划分,然而难以全面反映地图学与人类文明进步的密切关系。本文基于马斯洛人生需求层次理论,从需求的角度对地图学的发展历程进行回顾,并对地图学未来演变提出了展望。As the most significant carrier of spatial information,map carries the demand of human being for obtaining spatial information and accompanies human being transforming human civilization from primitive society to agricultural society,industrial society and information society.Studying the advance in cartography is helpful not only to understand the evolution of human civilization but also to outlook at the future development of cartography.Existing studies tend to divide the history of cartography into several development stages by time or time plus a typical event.Such partitioning system cannot comprehensively reflect the close relationship between cartography and the process of human civilization.Therefore,this article examines the advance in cartography from the perspective of human needs,i.e.,based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs in human life,and puts forward an outlook for the future of cartography.

关 键 词：地图学进展 马斯洛需求层次理论 符号化 数学化 理论化 规范化 个性化 

分 类 号：P28[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]