滤食性贝类养殖碳汇功能研究进展及未来值得关注的科学问题  

Research Progress on the Carbon Sink Function of Filter-Feeding Shellfish Mariculture and Future Scientific Issues

作　　者：蒋增杰[1,2] 方建光 毛玉泽[1] 姜娓娓 房景辉[1,2] 蔺凡[1] 高亚平[1] 杜美荣 李瑞环 JIANG Zengjie;FANG Jianguang;MAO Yuze;JIANG Weiwei;FANG Jinghui;LIN Fan;GAO Yaping;DU Meirong;LI Ruihuan(Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Carbon Sink Fisheries Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao,Shandong 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院碳汇渔业重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《渔业科学进展》2022年第5期106-114,共9页Progress in Fishery Sciences

基　　金：青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室山东省专项经费(2022QNLM040003-4);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2020TD50);山东省“泰山学者青年专家计划”资助项目(tsqn201909166);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系共同资助。

摘　　要：我国是世界海水滤食性贝类养殖第一大国,滤食性贝类及其所处的近海生态系统与碳的生物地球化学过程关系密切。本文概述了滤食性贝类养殖碳汇研究进展,分析了目前在支撑数据的科学性和系统性、对关键过程和机理认知等方面存在的问题,提出了后续在碳汇形成过程和机制的基础研究、方法学研发和交易体系建设、碳汇扩增模式构建和产业化应用等亟需持续深入的方向。研究结果将为深入认识和科学评估滤食性贝类养殖生态系统的碳汇效应及其服务国家“双碳”战略目标的潜力提供科学依据。The famous“keeling curve”revealed the concentration of carbon dioxide in the earth’s atmosphere has risen from approximately 0.027%before 1700 to approximately 0.041%today.The associated global climate change has become one of the most serious issues of the 21st century.As a responsible government,China is an active participant and important contributor in the response to global climate change.In September 2020,China announced that it would aim to achieve peak CO_(2)emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060 at the general debate of the 75th session of the United Nations General Assembly.Subsequently,local governments,industries,and enterprises are actively responding and working hard to formulate"timetables","road maps"and"construction drawings"to promote the realization of the"dual carbon"goal.There are two main types of carbon sequestration:Biological and geological.Compared with the geological approach of carbon sequestration,biological carbon sequestration is technically mature,low cost,and has economic,ecological,social,and other benefits.A"fishery carbon sink"is a kind of biological carbon sink,which refers to the process and mechanism by which aquatic organisms absorb CO_(2)from water through fishery production activities and remove carbon from water or store it through harvesting and biodeposition.Mariculture is an important component of the"fishery carbon sink"and has recently developed exceedingly quickly.In 2020,mariculture production in China was 21.35 million tons.The structure of Chinese mariculture is distinctively characterized by species-rich diversity,dominant species concentration,multi-trophic levels,lower trophic levels,high eco-efficiency,and high yields.Shellfish,dominated by filter-feeding species,is the main mariculture species and accounts for almost 70%of the total mariculture yields in 2020.The filter-feeding shellfish and their associated coastal ecosystems are closely related to the carbon biogeochemical process.Due to the national"dual carbon"strategy and the ind

关 键 词：滤食性贝类 养殖生态系统 浮游植物 碳生物地球化学循环 碳汇 

分 类 号：P76[天文地球—海洋科学]