柴油机齿轮室盖声振特性分析与改进  

Acoustic and vibration characteristics analysis and modification of diesel gear chamber cover

作　　者：孟浩东 赵景波 张忠 戴旭东 徐毅 王金泉 MENG Haodong;ZHAO Jingbo;ZHANG Zhong;DAI Xudong;XU Yi;WANG Jinquan(School of Automotive Engineering,Changzhou Institute of Technology,Changzhou 213032,China;Changchai Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213002,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工学院汽车工程学院,江苏常州213032 [2]常柴股份有限公司,江苏常州213002

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2022年第7期231-237,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2022137);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)研究重大项目(22KJA410001)。

摘　　要：针对某型单缸柴油机在标定工况下齿轮室盖侧面噪声辐射问题,采用试验与仿真相结合的方法分析主要辐射部件齿轮室盖的声振特性。首先,在标定工况下采用近场声压阵面法结合1/3倍频程谱法定位分析齿轮室盖噪声辐射特性,联合基于自适应白噪声的完备性集总平均经验模式分解法与同步压缩小波变换法提取齿轮室盖振动响应的时频特征;然后,采用模态分析法识别齿轮室盖的模态特性,分析齿轮室盖声振响应特性与其相关性,发现致使结构动态特性变差的薄弱环节;最后,采取加强筋改进设计措施优化薄弱结构动态特性。仿真计算结果可指导后期控制齿轮室盖结构的声振特性。Aiming at the problem of noise radiation on the side of the gear chamber cover of a single cylinder diesel engine under calibration conditions,the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the main radiation components of the gear chamber cover are analyzed by combining experiment and simulation.Firstly,the near-field acoustic pressure array method combined with 1/3 octave spectrum method is used to locate and analyze the noise radiation characteristics of the gear chamber cover under the calibration condition.Then,the time-frequency characteristics of the vibration response of the gear cover are extracted by combining the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise(CEEMDAN)method and the Synchrosqueezed Wavelet Transform(SWT)method.On this basis,the modal characteristics of the gear cover are identified by modal analysis method.The correlation between the acoustic and vibration response characteristics of the gear cover and its modal characteristics is analyzed,and the weak links that lead to the deterioration of the dynamic characteristics of the structure are found.Finally,the dynamic characteristics of the weak structure are optimized by strengthening the reinforcement.The simulation results guide the later control of the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the gear chamber cover.

关 键 词：单缸柴油机 齿轮室盖 声振特性 模态分析 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]