注意偏向视角下考研学生的焦虑特征  

Anxiety feature of the exam-enrolled postgraduates under the perspective of attention bias

作　　者：邓永光 王蕴澍 余成辉 吴铁钧[2] Deng Yongguang;Wang Yunshu;Yu Chenghui;Wu Tiejun(Department of Social Service,Suzhou City University,Suzhou 215104,China;Department of Psychology,Soochow University,Suzhou 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州城市学院社会服务系,215104 [2]苏州大学教育学院,215123

出　　处：《校园心理》2022年第4期292-296,共5页Journal of Campus Life & Mental Health

基　　金：苏州大学文正学院精品课程项目(3510300218)。

摘　　要：目的 探索考研学生的面孔注意偏向特点。方法 选取88名在校本科生完成“积极—中性”或“中性—消极”面孔加工的点探测任务,与状态—特质焦虑问卷(STAI)和考试焦虑量表(TAS)的测验作对比,被试分为大四年级考研学生、大四年级不考研学生、大二年级学生3组。结果 在“积极—中性”任务中,大四年级考研学生表现出了对积极图片的注意偏向[(468±172)与(504±233),P<0.05];在“中性—消极”任务中,大四考研学生表现出了对中性图片的注意偏向[(466±192)与(488±212),P<0.05];在2个任务中不同被试组别的主效应差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在STAI和TAS测验中差异无统计学意义。结论 考研学生存在对积极刺激的注意易化和对消极刺激的注意回避,实验法比问卷法更容易侦测考研学生的焦虑状态。Objective To explore the feature of attention bias among the exam-enrolled postgraduates.Methods Eighty-eight undergraduates were selected to complete the dot probe task of "positive-neutral" and "neutral-negative" face stimulus, and compared with the state trait anxiety inventory(STAI) and test anxiety scale(TAS), and the subjects were divided into three groups: exam-enrolled postgraduates, other exam-enrolled postgraduates, sophomore students. Results In the "positive-neutral" task, the exam-enrolled postgraduates showed the attention bias to positive pictures [(468±172) vs(504±233), P<0.05];In the "neutral-negative" task, the exam-enrolled postgraduates showed the attention bias to neutral pictures [(466±192) vs(488±212),P <0.05];In the two tasks, the main effects of different groups were significant(P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in STAI and TAS. Conclusion Exam-enrolled postgraduates tend to pay attention to the positive stimulus and avoid the negative stimulus, and the experimental method is better to detect the anxiety state of the exam-enrolled postgraduates than the questionnaire method.

关 键 词：焦虑 注意偏向 点探测范式 学生 

分 类 号：G444[哲学宗教—心理学]