克罗恩病诊断方法的研究进展  

Research progress on diagnosis methods of Crohn’s disease

作　　者：黄杨文 范琳 刘育梅 唐帅 黄小明 刘新颖 孟凡[2] HUANG Yang-wen;FAN Lin;LIU Yu-mei;TANG Shuai;HUANG Xiao-min;LIUXin-ying;MENG Fan(Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000;Department of Gastroenterology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University;The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University Longnan Hospital)

机构地区：[1]赣南医学院,江西赣州341000 [2]赣南医学院第一附属医院消化内科 [3]赣南医学院第一附属医院龙南分院

出　　处：《赣南医学院学报》2022年第6期649-655,共7页JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81960438);江西省教育厅课题(编号:GJJ190790)。

摘　　要：克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD)是一种慢性、非特异性炎症性肠病,好发于回肠末端、右半结肠,它可以影响口腔到肛门的任何部位。其发病原因和机制尚不清楚,目前常见诱因和发病机制包括地理和食物因素、肠道细胞损伤、肠道菌群失调、肠道黏膜或相关组织病理生理改变和免疫功能失调等。CD缺少金标准诊断,诊断需要结合症状及相关检查全面综合分析,主要凭借结肠内镜特征和病理组织学特点。内镜及病理组织学为有创检查且耗时,因此,寻找快捷又准确的诊断方法成为目前需解决的问题。近年来有大量研究显示,血清学标志物检测、粪便检测及影像学检查相对便捷、无创,患者接受度高,且对克罗恩病具有较高的特异性,可辅助及鉴别诊断。本文就克罗恩病诊断方法进行综述,为克罗恩病诊断提供参考。Crohn’s disease(CD)is a chronic,non-specific inflammatory bowel disease,which usually occurs in the terminal ileum and right colon.It can affect any part from oral cavity to the anus.The etiology and mechanism are still unclear.The current common causes and pathogenesis include geographic and food factors,intestinal cell damage,intestinal flora imbalance,intestinal mucosa or related tissue pathophysiological changes,and immune dysfunction.CD lacks a gold standard diagnosis.Diagnosis requires a comprehensive analysis of symptoms and related examinations,mainly relying on colonoscopic features and histopathological features.Endoscopy and histopathology are invasive examinations and time-consuming.Therefore,finding a quick and accurate diagnosis method has become a problem that needs to be solved at present.In recent years,a large number of studies have shown that serological marker detection,stool detection and imaging examinations are relatively convenient,non-invasive,highly acceptable to patients,and have high specificity for Crohn’s disease,which can assist and be for differential diagnosis.This article reviews the diagnostic methods of Crohn’s disease,providing a reference for the diagnosis of Crohn’s disease.

关 键 词：克罗恩病 血清标志物 粪便检测 影像学检查 诊断 

分 类 号：R574[医药卫生—消化系统] R392[医药卫生—内科学]