我国幼儿园班级语言与读写环境质量现状及其提升建议——基于ELLCO量表的分析  

The Language and Literacy Classroom Environment Quality in Chinese Kindergartens Based on ELLCO

作　　者：张含雨 王凯月 苏小妹 刘宝根[1] ZHANG Hanyu;WANG Kaiyue;SU Xiaomei;LIU Baogen(Hangzhou College of Preschool Teacher Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Hangzhou 311231 China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学杭州幼儿师范学院,杭州311231

出　　处：《学前教育研究》2022年第7期43-54,共12页Studies in Early Childhood Education

基　　金：浙江师范大学学术名师培育项目;浙江省自然科学基金项目(编号:LY18C090006);教育部人文社会科学研究规划青年项目(编号:17YJC880050)。

摘　　要：班级语言与读写环境质量指班级为支持儿童语言与读写能力发展所提供的条件和机会,是儿童语言与读写能力发展的关键影响因素。本研究采用ELLCO量表对我国浙江省24所幼儿园73个班级的语言与读写环境质量进行分析,结果发现ELLCO量表在本研究中有着较好的信效度,基本适用于我国幼儿园班级教育情境;我国幼儿园班级语言与读写环境质量总体得分较低,尤其是阅读与文字书写维度得分亟待提高;小、中、大班均是“教室结构”与“课程”维度得分最高,说明各年龄段教师对班级中的结构性质量都非常关注;不同年龄班级的维度的最低得分存在差异,显示小班教师更重视图书阅读,中班教师更关注语言交流氛围的营造,大班教师则更关注与文字相关的读写活动。为提升我国幼儿园班级语言与读写环境质量,教师应更重视班级语言与读写环境的过程性质量,着重解决前识字与前书写教育中的观念和做法困惑,提高自身“全语言教育”的理论素养和能力。Language and literacy environment quality refers to the conditions and opportunities provided by teachers to support the development of children’s language and literacy skills in the classroom.The study used ELLCO to analyze the language and literacy environment quality of 73 classrooms from 24kindergartens in Province Z of China.The results have showed good reliability and validity for the whole ELLCO,and ELLCO is basically applicable to the kindergarten classroom education situation in China.Compared with foreign studies,the quality of language and literacy classroom environment in China is at lower level,especially the quality of reading and writing environment needs to be improved.Classrooms of different ages have different emphases on language and literacy quality.Chinese kindergartens should improve the procedural quality of their language and literacy classroom environment,focus on solving the bottlenecks in concepts and practices in pre-literacy and pre-writing support,and improve teachers’theoretical literacy and ability in“whole language education”.

关 键 词：语言与读写能力 班级环境质量 ELLCO量表 

分 类 号：G613.2[文化科学—学前教育学]