Vulvovaginal myeloid sarcoma with massive pelvic floor infiltration: A case report and review of literature  

作　　者：Jia-Xi Wang Heng Zhang Gang Ning Li Bao 

机构地区：[1]Department of Radiology,Key Laboratory of Obstetric&Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China [2]Department of Radiology,Renshou Maternity and Child Health Hospital,Meishan 620500,Sichuan Province,China

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2022年第23期8312-8322,共11页世界临床病例杂志

摘　　要：BACKGROUND Myeloid sarcoma(MS),including isolated and leukaemic MS,is an extramedullary myeloid tumour.MS can involve any anatomical site,but MS of the female genital tract is rare,with the ovaries and uterine body and cervix being the most commonly seen sites.Involvement of the vagina and vulva is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We report a rare case of MS with involvement of the vulva and vagina and massive infiltration of the pelvic floor.A 26-year-old woman presented with a vulvar mass,irregular vaginal bleeding and night sweats.Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an ill-defined,irregular vulvovaginal mass with massive involvement of the paravaginal tissue,urethra,posterior wall of the bladder,and pelvic floor.The signal and enhancement of the huge mass was homogeneous without haemorrhage or necrosis.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed high fluorodeoxyglucose uptake by the mass.Peripheral blood count detected blast cells.Vulvovaginal mass and bone marrow biopsies were performed,and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia(M-2 type,FAB classification)and vulvovaginal MS.The patient was treated with induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and achieved complete remission.A systemic review of the literature on vulvovaginal MS was conducted to explore this rare entity’s clinical and radiological features.CONCLUSION Vulvovaginal MS is extremely rare.Diagnosis of vulvovaginal MS can only be confirmed histopathologically.Even though its clinical and imaging presentations are nonspecific,MS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a newly developed T2-hyperintense,homogeneously enhanced vulvovaginal mass,especially in a patient with suspected haematological malignancy.

关 键 词：Myeloid sarcoma VAGINA VULVA Acute myeloid lukaemia Imaging examination Case report 

分 类 号：R737.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]