乡村振兴背景下农村教育和人力资本发展路径  

The Development Path of Rural Education and Human Capital Accumulation in the Context of Rural Revitalization

作　　者：罗仁福[1] 刘承芳[1] 唐雅琳 田志磊[2] 易红梅[1] LUO Renfu;LIU Chengfang;TANG Yalin;TIAN Zhilei;YI Hongmei

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国农业政策研究中心,北京100871 [2]北京大学教育财政科学研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2022年第7期41-51,共11页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71925009,71861147003,71922001)。

摘　　要：乡村振兴的关键是人才,如何办好农村教育以促进我国农村人力资本发展,更好服务于乡村振兴战略实施不仅需要立足现在,还需要着眼未来。本文围绕如何优化不同年龄段教育资源投入以提高农村教育和人力资本投资配置效率这一科学问题,在梳理人力资本培育领域相关理论的基础上,分析了我国农村学龄前教育、义务教育、后义务教育以及成人教育等方面存在的问题、挑战和实践经验。结果表明农村不同年龄段教育资源存在错配现象,0~6岁儿童学前教育投入亟待加强,农村义务教育服务均等化有待改善,在如何利用现代信息技术等手段提高农村教育服务质量上存在改善空间。最后,本文基于国内近年相关研究实践就提高农村教育和人力资本培育提出了相应政策建议。The key to rural revitalization lies in talents.To ensure that rural education help lay a solid human capital foundation to better support the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,we need to look ahead based on the present.This paper focuses on optimizing the distribution of education resources in different stages of the life-cycle to improve the allocation efficiency of rural education and human capital investments.Based on reviewing the literature of human capital cultivation,we analyze the problems,challenges,and experiences of rural preschool education,compulsory education,post-compulsory education,and adult education in China.The results show a mismatch in educational resources across different stages of life cycle in rural areas.The investment in preschool education for children aged 0-6 needs to be strengthened,and the equalization of rural compulsory education services needs to be improved.There is room for improvement in using modern information technology and other methods to enhance the quality of rural education services.Finally,based on recent relevant research practices in China,this paper proposes several policy recommendations for improving rural education and human capital cultivation.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 农村教育 人力资本 发展路径 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学] F323.6[文化科学—教育技术学]