不同饲养方式对科宝鸡肌纤维发育、肉品质及屠宰性能的影响  

Effects of Different Rearing Methods on Muscle Fiber Development,Meat Quality and Slaughter Performance of Cobb Broiler Chicken

作　　者：陈若楠 胡波 杨朝永 孙杰[1] CHEN Ruonan;HU Bo;YANG Chaoyong;SUN Jie(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2022年第7期77-83,共7页China Poultry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660654、31860641)。

摘　　要：为研究地面平养与笼养对科宝鸡肌纤维发育、肌肉品质和屠宰性能的影响,试验选择两种饲养方式下不同日龄的科宝鸡为研究对象,分别测定其肌纤维组织学特性、肉品质性状及屠宰性能并进行比较分析。结果显示:随着日龄增长,肌纤维直径逐渐增大,且平养组在35、49和63日龄显著大于笼养组(P<0.05);快肌纤维比例逐渐升高,49和63日龄平养组显著低于笼养组(P<0.05);慢肌纤维比例呈先下降后上升的趋势,35日龄平养组显著高于笼养组(P<0.05)。平养组科宝鸡肌肉的粗蛋白质含量和系水力显著高于笼养组(P<0.05),而pH、水分和粗脂肪含量显著低于笼养组(P<0.05);平养组鸡的活体重、腿肌重和腹脂率显著低于笼养组(P<0.05),而屠宰率、胸肌率和腿肌率显著高于笼养组(P<0.05)。综上,地面平养方式能提高科宝鸡慢肌纤维比例,对其肉品质和屠宰性能具有有利影响。The histological characteristics of muscle fiber,meat quality and slaughter performance of Cobb broiler chickens at different ages were determined and compared to explore the effects of floor rearing and cage rearing on muscle fiber development,muscle quality and slaughter performance of Cobb broiler chickens.The results showed that muscle fiber diameter increased gradually with the increase of age,and the muscle fiber diameter in the floor rearing group was significantly higher than that in the cage rearing group at 35,49 and 63 days of age(P<0.05).The proportion of fast muscle fiber in the floor rearing group was significantly lower than that in the cage rearing group at 49 and 63 days of age(P<0.05).The proportion of slow muscle fiber in floor rearing group was significantly higher than that in cage rearing group at 35 days(P<0.05).The crude protein content and hydraulic capacity of muscle in floor rearing group were significantly higher than those in cage rearing group(P<0.05),while pH,moisture and ether extract content were significantly lower than those in cage group(P<0.05).The live weight,leg muscle weight and abdominal fat percentage in floor rearing group were significantly lower than those in cage rearing group(P<0.05),dressed butchering percentage,breast muscle percentage and leg muscle percentage were significantly higher than those in cage rearing group(P<0.05).In conclusion,floor rearing could improve the proportion of slow muscle fiber of Cobb broiler chickens,which had a favorable effect on meat quality and slaughter performance.

关 键 词：饲养方式 科宝鸡 快肌纤维 慢肌纤维 肉品质 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]