一种新形势下山洪灾害非工程措施防御模式  

A non-structural prevention model of flash flood disaster under new situation

作　　者：童晓霞[1,2] 唐文坚 张平仓[1,2] TONG Xiaoxia;TANG WenJian;ZHANG Pingcang(Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of the Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010;Center for Mountain Torrent and Geological Disaster Prevention Research,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430010 [2]水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心,武汉430010

出　　处：《中国防汛抗旱》2022年第8期72-76,共5页China Flood & Drought Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0111900、2017YFC1502500);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(CKSF2021744/TB)。

摘　　要：基于近年来我国山洪灾害防御情况,结合山洪灾害典型事件案例分析,指出了山洪灾害防御非工程措施目前尚显薄弱的环节,针对“最大限度减少人员伤亡”的山洪灾害防御首要目标,提出建立“小流域-乡(镇)防汛指挥部”的“关口前移”山洪灾害防御模式。该防御模式设立乡(镇)一级的防汛指挥部,依托乡(镇)防汛指挥系统,实现山洪灾害调查评价常态化,加强山洪灾害监测系统和预警平台建设,完善群测群防体系,使山洪灾害防御非工程措施真正成为人民群众生命的“保护伞”。Based on the situation of flash flood disaster prevention in China in recent years, combined with the analysis of typical event disasters of flash flood disasters, the weakness of non-structural measures for flash flood disaster prevention are pointed out. Aiming at the primary goal of“minimizing casualties”of flash flood disaster prevention, the“pass forward”prevention mode of flash flood disaster that“small-sized watershed – township(town) headquarters”are proposed. In this mode, the township level flood control headquarters are set up. Relying on the township flood control command system, the investigation and evaluation of flash flood disasters will be normalized, the construction of flash flood disaster monitoring system and early warning platform will be strengthened, and the mass monitoring and prevention system will be improved, so that the non-structural measures of flash flood disaster prevention will become the "protective umbrella" of people’s lives.

关 键 词：山洪灾害 非工程措施 关口前移 防御模式 

分 类 号：TV877[水利工程—水利水电工程] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]