基于多目标的刨切机床身结构优化设计  

Optimization Design of Cutting Machine Bed Structure Based on Multi-objective

作　　者：任旺 刘芳华[1] 仲昭杰 郭文龙 吴万毅 REN Wang;LIU Fanghua;ZHONG Zhaojie;GUO Wenlong;WU Wanyi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang 212100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学机械工程学院,江苏镇江212100

出　　处：《机械与电子》2022年第8期49-52,61,共5页Machinery & Electronics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51905228)。

摘　　要：以某数控刨切机床身为研究对象,提出一种基于灵敏度分析与结构优化设计相结合,以床身质量、最大静变形和一阶固有频率为优化目标的床身优化设计方法。建立床身有限元模型,对其进行动静态特性分析,通过对床身主要设计参数进行拉丁超立方试验设计,在此基础上,对各设计参数进行灵敏度分析并建立响应面模型,确定影响床身质量和床身动静态特性的关键参数,运用多目标优化算法对床身进行优化求解,根据优化结果,得到最佳优化方案。结果表明:床身质量减少5.82%,最大静变形减小6.71%,一阶固有频率提高6.11%,该优化方法在提高床身动静态特性的基础上,减轻了床身质量,为床身优化设计提供理论参考。Taking a CNC cutting machine bed as the research object,an optimization design method of the bed based on the combination of sensitivity analysis and structural optimization design is proposed,which takes the quality of the bed,the maximum static deformation and the first-order natural frequency as the optimization goals.The finite element model of the bed is established,and the dynamic and static characteristics are analyzed.The main design parameters of the bed are designed by the Latin hypercube test.The key parameters of the bed quality and the dynamic and static characteristics of the bed are used to optimize the bed by using the multi-objective optimization algorithm,and the best optimization scheme is obtained according to the optimization results.The results show that the mass of the bed is reduced by 5.82%,the maximum static deformation is decreased by 6.32%,and the first-order natural frequency is increased by 6.11%.The optimization method reduces the mass of the bed on the basis of improving the dynamic and static characteristics of the bed.It provides a theoretical reference for the optimal design of the bed.

关 键 词：床身 动静态分析 灵敏度分析 响应面法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]