叉车进气噪声分析及消声器设计  

Intake Noise Analysis and Muffler Design for Forklift

作　　者：田红周 陆益民 高静轩[1] 梁长佳 Tian Hongzhou;Lu Yimin;Gao Jingxuan

机构地区：[1]工业车辆安徽省重点实验室 [2]合肥工业大学

出　　处：《工程机械》2022年第7期109-112,I0019,共5页Construction Machinery and Equipment

摘　　要：介绍叉车进气系统的噪声产生机理,针对某型叉车进气系统存在的噪声问题进行噪声测试,分析进气噪声的频谱和阶次特征,发现该型叉车进气系统在中频500~900 Hz时的噪声存在共振特征。根据进气系统频率特性并结合叉车结构空间,设计一种进气消声器,应用Simcenter 3D仿真软件对消声器进行传递损失计算,对中间管路的穿孔率进行优化,当穿孔率控制在30%~40%时,传递损失趋于稳定。最后应用Acu Solve流体仿真软件对进气消声器的压力损失进行评估,结果符合要求。优化后的消声器安装在某型叉车上进行噪声测试,进气噪声降低2~5 d B(A)。The noise generation mechanism of the air intake system of the forklift is introduced,and noise tests are carried out for the noise problems of the air intake system of a forklift.The spectrum and order characteristics of the air intake noise are analyzed,and it is found that the noise of the air intake system of the forklift has resonance characteristics at the medium frequency of 500 to 900 Hz.According to the frequency characteristics of the air intake system and combined with the structure space of the forklift,an intake muffler is designed.Simulation software Simcenter 3D is applied to calculate the transmission loss of the muffler,and the perforation rate of the intermediate pipe is optimized.When the perforation rate is controlled at 30%to 40%,the transmission loss tends to stabilize.Finally,fluid simulation software AcuSolve is applied to evaluate the pressure loss of the intake muffler,and the results meet the requirements.The optimized muffler is installed on a forklift for noise tests,and the intake noise is reduced by 2 to 5 dB(A).

关 键 词：叉车 进气噪声 消声器 频谱 优化 

分 类 号：TH242[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]