气候模式分辨率对气溶胶气候效应模拟结果的影响  

The impact of climate model resolution on simulation results of aerosol climate effects

作　　者：郜倩倩 刘煜[1,2] 郭增元 彭艳玉 GAO Qianqian;LIU Yu;GUO Zengyuan;PENG Yanyu(State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Laboratory for Climate Studies,National Climate Centre,China Meteorological Administration,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]国家气候中心气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气象学报》2022年第4期515-532,共18页Acta Meteorologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0603501);中国气象科学研究院科技发展基金项目(2021KJ020)。

摘　　要：气候模式分辨率作为影响模式模拟结果的重要因素,其对气溶胶与云相互作用的影响尚未全面认识。利用公共大气模型CAM5.3在3种分辨率(2°、1°、0.5°)下,分别采用2000年和1850年气溶胶排放情景进行试验,检验提高分辨率是否能改进气候模式的模拟能力,分析不同分辨率下气溶胶气候效应的异同,探索模式分辨率对气溶胶气候效应数值模拟结果的影响。通过观测资料与模式结果对比发现,提高分辨率可以明显改进模式对总云量、云短波辐射强迫的模拟能力,0.5°分辨率下模拟结果与观测更接近,其他变量并无明显改善。在不同分辨率下,全球平均的气溶胶气候效应较为一致,总云量、云水路径均增加,云短波和长波辐射强迫均加强,而云顶的云滴有效半径和降水均减小,地面气温降低。不同分辨率下,气溶胶增加引起的气溶胶光学厚度、云水路径、地面温度、云短波和长波辐射强迫变化的纬向平均分布相似但大小存在差异;而降水和云量变化的纬向分布与大小均存在较大差异,在区域尺度上还存在较大的不确定性。全球平均而言,0.5°分辨率下气溶胶的间接辐射强迫相比1°分辨率下的结果降低了2.5%,相比2°分辨率下的结果降低了6.4%。提高模式分辨率可以部分改进模式模拟能力,同时,气溶胶的间接效应随着模式分辨率的提高而减弱。但气溶胶引起的云量、降水的变化在不同分辨率下差异较大,存在较大的不确定性。Climate model reolution,as one of the important factors affecting model simulation results,are not fully understood in terms of their effects on aerosol-cloud interactions.In this study,the Community Atmosphere Model Version 5.3 is run at three horizontal resolutions(2°,1°,0.5°)under the 2000 and 1850 aerosol emission scenarios,respectively,to test whether increasing the resolution can improve the simulation capability of climate models,analyze the similarities and differences of aerosol climate effects at different resolutions,and explore the influence of model resolution on the numerical results of aerosol climate effects.The comparison between observations and model results shows that increasing the resolution can significantly improve the model's ability to simulate total cloud cover and cloud shortwave radiative forcing,and the simulation results are closer to observations at 0.5°resolution,while other variables are not significantly improved.The global average aerosol climate effect is more consistent at different resolutions,with an increase in total cloud cover,cloud water liquid path,and enhanced cloud shortwave and longwave radiative forcing,while the cloud droplet effective radius at the top of cloud,surface air temperature and precipitation are reduced.At different resolutions,the zonal mean tendencies of the changes in aerosol optical thickness,cloud water liquid path,surface air temperature,cloud shortwave and longwave radiative forcing caused by the increase in aerosol is similar,but there are differences in magnitude.Furthermore,the variation of precipitation and cloud cover are quite different in the zonal mean tendencies and values,which still have large uncertainties on regional scale.On the global,the annual average of aerosol indirect radiative forcing(AIF)at 0.5°resolution is reduced by 2.5%compared to the results at 1°resolution and by 6.4%compared to the results at 2°resolution.Overall increasing the model resolution can partially improve the model simulation capability but weakens

关 键 词：模式分辨率 气溶胶 气候效应 

分 类 号：P461.8[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]