苯丙胺类兴奋剂使用障碍者的抑郁症状及影响因素分析  

Depressive symptoms and influencing factors of amphetamine-type stimulants abusers

作　　者：王姗姗 苏杭[2] 江海峰[2] 杜江[2] 徐定[3] 赵敏 WANG Shanshan;SU Hang;JIANG Haifeng;DU Jiang;XU Ding;ZHAO Min(Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China;Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China;Shanghai Bureau of Drug Administration,Shanghai 201799,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院,中国上海200092 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心,中国上海200030 [3]上海市戒毒管理局,中国上海201799

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2022年第4期271-275,共5页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271468,U1502228);上海市卫生健康委员会重要疾病联合攻关项目(2014ZYJB0002),先进适宜技术推广项目(2013SY011)。

摘　　要：目的调查苯丙胺类兴奋剂(amphetamine-type stimulants,ATS)使用障碍者戒断期的抑郁症状,并分析其影响因素。方法收集上海市强制隔离戒毒所ATS使用障碍者的调查资料。采用贝克抑郁量表(Beck depression inventory,BDI)13项(BDI-13)评估ATS使用障碍者戒断期的抑郁症状,自制问卷对人口学资料及ATS滥用史进行调查。根据BDI评分,将ATS使用障碍者分为无明显抑郁症状组(BDI<8分)和明显抑郁症状组(BDI≥8分),使用Logistic回归分析抑郁的危险因素及其性别差异。结果共收集1990例ATS使用障碍者的资料。BDI评分平均为(10.75±8.06)分;男性BDI评分显著高于女性(11.04±8.25 vs 9.68±7.20,P=0.002)。无明显抑郁症状组828例(41.6%),明显抑郁症状组1162例(58.4%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:男性、离婚、ATS使用频率≥3次/周、强戒次数>1次和饮酒史,是ATS使用障碍者戒断期产生抑郁症状的危险因素;男性抑郁的危险因素为受教育程度为初中及以下、ATS使用频率≥3次/周、强戒次数>1次及饮酒史,未发现女性抑郁与上述因素相关。结论ATS使用障碍者戒断期发生抑郁较为常见,且男性抑郁症状更严重;抑郁症状可能与受教育程度、ATS使用频率、强戒次数、饮酒史等因素相关。Objective To investigate the depressive symptoms of amphetamine-type stimulants(ATS)abusers during withdrawal,and analyze their influencing factors.Methods Data of ATS abusers in Shanghai Compulsory Isolation Drug Rehabilitation Center were collected.The 13-item Beck depression inventory(BDI)(BDI-13)was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms of ATS abusers during the withdrawal period.A self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the demographic data and ATS abuse history.According to the BDI scores,ATS abusers were divided into no obvious depressive symptom group(BDI<8)and obvious depressive symptom group(BDI≥8).Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of depression and their gender differences.Results A total of 1990 ATS abusers were collected.The average BDI score was 10.75±8.06;men had significantly higher BDI scores than women(11.04±8.25 vs 9.68±7.20,P=0.002).There were 828 cases(41.6%)in the no obvious depressive symptom group,and 1162 cases(58.4%)in the obvious depressive symptom group.Logistic regression analysis showed that male,divorce,ATS use frequency≥3 times/week,forced abstinence times>1 time,and drinking history were the risk factors for ATS abusers to produce depressive symptoms during withdrawal period.The risk factors for depression in males were the education level with junior high school and below, ATS use frequency ≥3 times/week, forced abstinence times >1 time, and drinking history. No female depression was found to be related to the above factors. Conclusion Depression is more common in ATS abusers during withdrawal, and depressive symptoms are more severe in the males. Depressive symptoms may be related to factors such as education level, ATS use frequency, number of forced abstinence, and drinking history.

关 键 词：苯丙胺类兴奋剂 抑郁症状 性别差异 危险因素 戒断期 

分 类 号：R749.64[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]