重思知识产权的地域性  

Rethinking the Territoriality of Intellectual Property Rights

作　　者：宋晓[1] SONG Xiao

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2022年第3期81-103,共23页Wuhan University International Law Review

摘　　要：地域性是知识产权的基本属性,是涉外知识产权法律适用和知识产权国际保护的逻辑起点。我国学界和实务界对知识产权的地域性原理依然存在诸多认识误区。各国知识产权法与一般私法不同,并非平等的、可相互置换适用的关系。一般私法在涉外法律适用领域已经消解了地域性问题,而涉外知识产权的法律适用尽管发展出了以被请求保护地法规则为主的双边冲突规范,但双边冲突规范的适用仍须结合地域性原理。知识产权的地域性有类似于公法属地性的方面,特别是知识产权法共享公法的单边域外适用的方法。但知识产权地域性和公法属地性仍有本质区别,知识产权地域性最后并未阻挡双边冲突规范的发展,一国法院在涉外知识产权案件中有可能适用外国知识产权法,但公法依公法禁忌原理不可能发展出双边冲突规范,法院一般不可能适用外国公法。知识产权的地域性不应阻碍知识产权国际私法的发展,知识产权国际私法同样可以促进知识产权的国际保护。Territoriality is the basic attribute of intellectual property and the logical starting for the applicable law finding process and the international protection of intellectual property rights.There are still many misunderstandings about the territoriality of intellectual property rights in academic and practical society.Different countries’intellectual property rights laws are not interchangeable,which is different from general private laws.The territoriality questions have been eliminated in the field of general conflict of laws.Although a bilateral conflict rule based on the law of the place where protection is sought,its application still needs to be combined with principle of territoriality.The territoriality of intellectual property rights has aspects similar to the territoriality of public law,especially for their extraterritorial effects.However,there are essential difference between them.In the end,the territoriality of intellectual property rights does not prevent the development of bilateral conflict rules,but it is impossible to develop bilateral conflict rules for public law,and it is also generally impossible for courts to apply foreign public law.The territoriality of intellectual property rights should not hinder the development of private international law for intellectual property rights,which can also promote the international protection of intellectual property rights.

关 键 词：知识产权 地域性 双边冲突规范 域外适用 

分 类 号：D997.1[政治法律—国际法学]