“档案语义描述语言”标准化建设论纲  

A Theoretical Outline on Standard System Development of Archive Semantic Description Language

作　　者：赵生辉[1] 胡莹 何亚兰 ZHAO Sheng-hui;HU Ying;HE Ya-lan(Management School of Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082;School ofHistory and Archival Science of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学管理学院,咸阳712082 [2]云南大学历史与档案学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《山西档案》2022年第3期47-57,共11页Shanxi Archives

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大研究攻关项目“元明清时期中国边疆治理文献整理与数据库建设研究”(项目号:21JZD042)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：面向档案数据化实践的现实需求,参考元语言和语义框架理论,提出“档案语义描述语言”的学术概念,探讨其理论实质、设计理念和技术原理,构建其标准体系框架并就其建设实践提出若干策略建议。“档案语义描述语言”是经过人工设计的,专门用来以结构化形式描述档案语义信息并承担逻辑中介功能的工具性元语言符号系统,可以为档案内容信息的结构化数据描述提供系统性、整体性解决方案。“档案语义描述语言”致力于实现档案文本语义信息的逆向解码,遵循事件驱动、逻辑降维、实体消歧、语义压缩等设计理念,参照文档对象模型DOM进行XML数据建模,将档案文本的语义信息表示为树形语义框架。档案语义描述语言由基础标准、技术标准和管理标准构成,国家档案管理部门和标准化工作部门应当提前进行战略布局,通过制定建设规划,加强基础理论研究、启动试点项目、引入众包机制、推进人机协同、建立开放式进化机制等方式推进其体系建设。Towards the practical needs of archive data transformation practice,referenced to metalanguage and semantic frame theory,the academic concept of archive semantic description language is put forward in this paper.Its theoretical essence,designing ideas and technical principle are discussed.Its standard system framework is formulated and some strategic suggestions on its construction practice are suggested.Archive semantic description language is a tool language symbol system which designed manually to describe archival semantic information as a structured form and undertake the function of logical intermediary.It can provide a systematic and holistic solution for the structured data description of archive content information.Archive semantic description language is committed to the reverse decoding of the semantic information of archives text.Its designing follows the concepts of event driven,logical dimensionality reduction,entity disambiguation,semantic compaction and so on.It carries out XML data modeling with reference to the Document Object Model,and represents the semantic information of archives text as a tree semantic framework.The archive semantic description language is composed by basic standards,technical standards and management standards.The national archive management department and standardization department should make a strategic layout in advance,and promote its system construction by formulating construction plans,strengthening basic theoretical research,starting pilot projects,introducing crowdsourcing mechanism,promoting man-machine cooperation and establishing open evolution mechanism.

关 键 词：档案数据化 档案语义描述语言 文档对象模型 语义框架 唯一标识符 

分 类 号：G270.7[文化科学—档案学]