遥感和GIS技术在国土污染区域面积测定中的应用研究  

Application of Remote Sensing and GIS Technology in Area Determination of Land Pollution

作　　者：赵玲 王彪 Zhao Ling;Wang Biao(Qinghai Geological Mapping and Geographic Information Institute,New Technologies of Plateau Surveying Geographic Information Key Laboratory of Qinghai Province,Xining 810012,China;Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting Bureau,Key Laboratory of Qinghai Environment Geology,Xining 810002,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地质测绘地理信息院青海省高原测绘地理信息新技术重点实验室,青海西宁810012 [2]青海省环境地质勘查局,青海西宁810002

出　　处：《环境科学与管理》2022年第8期120-124,共5页Environmental Science and Management

摘　　要：针对污染面积测定时受到区域地貌特点影响,无法获取全部矢量数据,导致测定结果不精准的问题,将遥感和GIS技术引入国土污染区域面积测定中。使用遥感技术分析图层空间叠置,计算植被覆盖度,划分污染等级。获取GIS纹理曲线信息,计算土体多边形面积。使用遥感技术分割影像区域,将平面转换成彩色空间形式。根据彩色空间转换结果,设计影像区域分割流程。将各个指标因子矢量数据转换为无量纲处理结果,并以此为依据,优化国土污染区域面积测定流程。实验结果表明,提出方法测定结果与真实数据较小的测定误差。Remote sensing and GIS technology are introduced to determine land polluted area since the influence of regional geomorphic characteristics and the inability to obtain all vector data would result in inaccurate measurement results. This paper used remote sensing technology to analyze the spatial overlay of layers, calculated the vegetation coverage, and divided the pollution level. It obtained GIS texture curve information and calculate the polygon area of soil. Remote sensing technology is used to segment the image area and convert the plane into color space form. According to the color space conversion results, the image region segmentation process is designed. The vector data of each index factor is converted into dimensionless processing results, and based on this, the process of determining the area of land pollution is optimized. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a small measurement error with the real data.

关 键 词：国土污染 遥感技术 GIS技术 污染面积 矢量化处理 

分 类 号：X157[环境科学与工程—环境科学]