地方政府条块回应性差异及其形成机制--政务公开领域的嵌入式案例研究  

The Responsiveness Differences Between the“Tiao and Kuai”of Local Governments and Their Formation Mechanism:A Case Study of the Openness of Government Affairs

作　　者：魏姝[1] 吴少微[1] 杜泽 Shu Wei;Shaowei Wu;Ze Du

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院 [2]东北大学文法学院

出　　处：《公共行政评论》2022年第4期75-97,197,共24页Journal of Public Administration

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“社会科学影响公共政策的历史、机制与中国路径研究”(项目号:21&ZD174);江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“专业化视角下江苏公务员分类管理改革研究”(项目号:18GLC009)。

摘　　要：“条块回应性差异”是理解中国政府回应性整体图景中不可或缺的部分。通过对A市政务公开领域的嵌入式案例研究发现,政府组织面对外部压力时的回应性受到组织自身特征和外部压力特征的双重影响,且两种影响不是各自独立发挥作用,而是共同影响着组织的回应策略。具体到“条条”和“块块”,其法定地位和职能定位的不同使得“块块”比“条条”面临更大更多元的外部压力,从而回应性在整体上好于“条条”,但同时出现了垂直回应和水平回应相互背离或不相关的问题;“条条”则主要面临科层压力,且强度明显小于“块块”,这使得“条条”可以更多地根据其组织定位和使命对任务进行排序,决定政务公开工作的优先级,从而表现出垂直回应和水平回应的一致性。论文主要贡献包括:一是对地方政府条块回应性差异进行了系统描述和解释,使得关于中国政府回应性的图景更为完整;二是通过与解释组织行为逻辑的制度主义视角和有限理性视角两种研究路径的理论对话,发展出分析政府组织回应性的整体性框架,以促进回应性研究领域的理论化和系统化;三是对垂直回应与水平回应相背离现象和原因的分析,为改善中国地方政府的回应性、促进有效治理提供了方向性的思路和启发。The differences between Tiao(specialized departments at different governmental levels)and Kuai(the government at each level)in their responsiveness is an indispensable piece for understanding the overall picture of the responsiveness of Chinese governments.By conducting a case study of governmental openness in A city,we found that the responsiveness of governmental organizations to external pressure was affected by the characteristics of the organization and the external pressure.These two factors did not work independently,but jointly affected governments’response strategies,specifically,because Tiao and Kuai have different statutory duties and organizational functions,Kuai faced greater external pressure than Tiao,therefore the responsiveness of Kuai was generally better than Tiao.However,the vertical responsiveness and horizontal responsiveness of Kuai often deviated from each other or were irrelevant.Compared with Kuai,the pressure faced by Tiao mainly came from the superior government rather than the public.Tiao could sort its order of response tasks according to its function and mission.Therefore the horizontal response performance of Tiao was often consistent with its vertical response performance.This paper systematically describes and explains the differences in responsiveness of local governments,making the picture of responsiveness of Chinese governments more complete.By developing a holistic framework for analyzing the responsiveness of governments through institutionalism and bounded rationality,this paper also extends the theorization and systematization of the field of responsiveness research.Finally,this paper’s analysis of the deviation between vertical response and horizontal response provides a foundation for improving the responsiveness and governance of Chinese governments.

关 键 词：政府回应 条块差异 外部压力 组织特征 政务公开 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]