侵权法制度框架下跨界水污染责任纠纷调节机制  

Regulation Mechanism of Liability Dispute of Transboundary Water Pollution under the Framework of the Tort Law System

作　　者：郝杰[1] 何怡婧 HAO Jie;HE Yi-jing(School of Public Management&Law Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China;Academic Affairs Office,Shaanxi Vocational Academy Of Art,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学公共管理与法学院,西安710064 [2]陕西艺术职业学院教务处,西安710064

出　　处：《四川环境》2022年第4期292-297,共6页Sichuan Environment

摘　　要：针对跨界水污染责任划分不明确,管理体制薄弱,产生的污染纠纷越来越多难以解决,提出侵权法制度下跨界水污染责任纠纷调节机制。结合环境保护法第十六条应对环境质量负责这一基本原则,分析侵权基本概念,明确侵权责任,以侵权责任法第六十六条和第六十七条为基础,针对目前跨界水污染现状、地方保护主义难以明确责任主体、调节体制不合理等问题,建立承担举证责任和细化证明标准,充分证明污染主体、明确地方政府责任,严禁相关执法部门和地方政府为污染主体提供保护行为、建立跨界合作机制,树立共赢意识、按份责任的调节机制,按照污染程度决定责任比例,调节责任纠纷的同时又维护了法律原则和公平正义。In view of the unclear division of responsibility for transboundary water pollution,the weak management systems,and the increasing number of pollution disputes,the regulation mechanism of liability disputes for transboundary water pollution under the tort law system is proposed.Combining with the basic principle in Article 16 of the Environmental Protection Law that should be responsible for the environmental quality,this paper analyzed the basic concept of infringement and clarified the liability for tort.Based on Articles 66 and 67 of the Tort Liability Law,in view of the current transboundary water pollution status and the problems that local protectionism is difficult to clarify the main body of responsibility,the adjustment system is unreasonable,etc.,the burden of proof shall be established and the standard of proof shall be refined,fully prove the polluters,clarify the responsibility of the local government,and strictly prohibit the relevant law enforcement agencies and local governments from providing protection for the polluters.Establish a cross-border cooperation mechanism,establish a win-win awareness,and establish a regulation mechanism based on the proportion of responsibilities.It has determined the proportion of responsibilities according to the degree of pollution,and maintained legal principles,equity and justice while adjusting disputes over responsibilities.

关 键 词：跨界水污染 生态环境 侵权法制度 地方保护 纠纷调节 

分 类 号：X197[环境科学与工程—环境科学]