花青素生物合成途径及关键酶研究进展  

Research advances on biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanins and relevant key enzymes

作　　者：刘淑华 臧丹丹 孙燕 李金霞 赵恒田[1] LIU Shuhua;ZANG Dandan;SUN Yan;LI Jinxia;ZHAO Hengtian(Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土区农业生态重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]东北农业大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150038

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2022年第3期336-346,共11页Soils and Crops

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(YQ2020C030);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)区域重点项目(KFJ—STS—QYZD—2021-01-004);中国科学院黑土区农业生态重点实验室开放基金项目(2020ZKHT-07)。

摘　　要：花青素是黄酮类多酚化合物,广泛分布于植物的果实、叶片、花瓣和种子中,使植物花和果实呈现出多种多样的色彩。作为纯天然的食用色素,花青素可以有效清除自由基,在抗氧化、抗衰老方面效果显著,同时,对于抗炎症、预防肥胖、预防慢性代谢性疾病、保护心血管、改善视力等也有良好的功效。近年来,关于花青素生物合成的研究已经成为植物次生代谢领域的热点问题,其中花青素的运输、积累以及体外合成有待深入研究。本文综述了花青素的结构、种类,重点对花青素的生物合成途径及合成关键酶研究进展进行总结,以期为后续进一步研究花青素在植物体内的合成机制及植物的分子改良提供参考。Anthocyanin is flavonoid polyphenol,which is widely distributed in fruits,leaves,petals and seeds of plants,giving flowers and fruits a variety of colors.As a pure natural food pigment,anthocyanin can effectively scour free radicals,and enhance anti-oxidation,anti-aging and anti-inflammation.Moreover,anthocyanin may prevent obesity,chronic metabolic diseases and cardiovascular problems and improve eye vision.In recent years,research on anthocyanins is mainly in the field of plant secondary metabolism.The transport,accumulation and in vitro synthesis of anthocyanins need further investigation.This review summarizes the structure and kinds of anthocyanin,and focuses on the biosynthesis pathway and key enzymes of anthocyanin.The summarization will benefit the further exploration on the synthesis mechanism of anthocyanin in plants and its genetic improvement.

关 键 词：花青素 结构 种类 合成途径 关键酶 

分 类 号：Q946.836[生物学—植物学]