基于粒子群算法的阀控变量机构控制参数优化  

Optimization of control parameters of valve-controlled variable mechanism based on PSO

作　　者：卫立新 张瑞 周围 宁志强[1] 化建辉 高有山[1] WEI Li-xin;ZHANG Rui;ZHOU Wei;NING Zhi-qiang;HUA Jian-hui;GAO You-shan(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《机电工程》2022年第8期1118-1124,共7页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51875381);山西省研究生创新项目(2021Y695);山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2020124);太原科技大学研究生创新项目(XCX212048)。

摘　　要：比例阀控制的柱塞缸系统存在PID参数手动整定繁琐的问题,为了解决四配流轴向柱塞马达变量机构的控制参数整定问题,提出了一种基于粒子群算法(PSO)的并行协同设计方法。首先,采用了伺服比例阀和与斜盘固定连接的角位移传感器组成的PID闭环,对四配流轴向柱塞马达斜盘倾角进行了控制,改变了四配流轴向柱塞马达的输出轴转速;然后,采用Simulation X,搭建了变排量四配流轴向柱塞马达和阀控变量机构的模型;最后,提出了一种脱离液压仿真软件平台的基于粒子群算法的并行协同设计方法,解决了四配流轴向柱塞马达变量机构控制参数整定问题,并将其用于PID参数自动寻优整定,以减少控制系统跟踪误差。研究结果表明:与未经优化控制参数的系统相比,优化控制参数后,马达斜盘摆角的超调量减少了21%,柱塞腔内部的压力峰值降低3.4 MPa,马达转速平稳;该结果可为后续搭建变排量四配流轴向柱塞马达物理样机提供理论依据。The piston cylinder system controlled by proportional valve has the problem of tedious manual tuning of PID parameters.In order to solve the problem of tuning the control parameters of the variable mechanism of the four-distribution axial piston motor,a parallel collaborative design method based on particle swarm optimization(PSO)was proposed.Firstly,the swashplate nclination of the four-port axial piston motor was controlled by PID closed-loop control composed of servo proportional valve and the angular displacement sensor fixedly connected with the swash plate,and changedthe output shaft speed of the four-port axial piston motor.Then the Simulation X was used to model the variable displacement four-port axial piston motor and the valve-controlled variable mechanism.Finally,a parallel collaborative design method based on particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed to solve the control parameter tuning problem of variable mechanism of four-port axial piston motor without hydraulic simulation software platform,which could be used for automatic optimization and tuning of PID parameters to reduce control tracking error.The results show that compared with the system without optimizing the control parameters,after optimizing the control parameters,the overshoot of the swing angle of the motor swashplate is reduced by 21%,the peak pressure in the plunger cavity is reduced by 3.4 MPa,and the motor speed is stable,which provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent construction of the physical prototype of the variable displacement four-port axial piston motor.

关 键 词：轴向柱塞马达 液压系统 粒子群算法 多线程并行协同 控制参数整定 比例阀 斜盘倾角 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH