高职院校医学生睡眠卫生习惯与心理健康的相关分析  

The Association of Sleep Hygiene and Mental Health among Vocational Medical Students

作　　者：雷洁[1] 武丽红 苏春娟[1] 陈冯梅[1] 李稚琳[1] 马玲[1] LEI Jie;WU Lihong;SU Chunjuan;CHEN Fengmei;LIN Zhilin;MA Ling(Suzhou Vocational Health College,Suzhou,215009,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州卫生职业技术学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2022年第4期436-440,共5页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目(2018SJA1471);苏州高职高专院校优秀教学团队项目[苏教局职函(2016)6号]。

摘　　要：目的探讨高职医学生睡眠卫生习惯与焦虑、抑郁等心理问题的相关性,为改善学生睡眠,促进心理健康提供参考。方法在某高职院采用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取360名医学生,现场完成人口社会学和生物慢性健康问卷、睡眠卫生习惯量表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)的问卷调查。结果有效问卷348份。学生焦虑总分平均(45.52±8.40)分,26.40%存在焦虑;抑郁总分平均(45.89±10.69)分,33.30%存在抑郁。睡眠卫生习惯总分平均(36.24±11.21)分,31.3%存在睡眠卫生习惯不良;睡眠卫生习惯与焦虑(r=0.13,P=0.02)、抑郁(r=0.21,P<0.01)之间均存在显著相关性。多元回归分析显示,工作日锻炼时间、睡前设法让自己放松、吸烟、睡前服用咖啡成分药物、睡眠规律性、性别、慢性呼吸道疾病等7项可预测焦虑,模型检验差异有统计学意义(F=10.21,P<0.01);睡前设法让自己放松、吸烟、睡眠规律性、白天担心晚上睡觉能力、工作日体育活动时间、饮酒、睡觉受同室人干扰等7项可预测抑郁,模型检验差异有统计学意义(F=11.61,P<0.01)。结论高职医学生焦虑、抑郁、睡眠卫生习惯不容乐观。睡前设法放松、规律睡眠对焦虑、抑郁均有显著预测作用。白天体育活动、戒烟、戒酒能改善睡眠和心理健康。男生的焦虑和睡眠卫生习惯问题应特别关注。Objective To explore the association between sleep hygiene and mental health among vocational medical students,and to determine factors of sleep hygiene correlated more closely with mental health.Methods 360 medical students from a higher vocational college were selected by stratified cluster sampling.A self-designed demographic sociology and biologic chronic health questionnaire,sleep hygiene habits,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used.Results 348 valid questionnaires were collected.The total anxiety score was(45.52±8.40),with 26.4%having anxiety problem.The total depression score was(45.89±10.69),with 33.3%having depression problem.The total sleep hygiene habits score was(36.24±11.21),with 31.3%having poor sleep hygiene habits.There was significant correlation between sleep hygiene habits and anxiety(r=0.13,P=0.02),and depression(r=0.21,P<0.01).Multiple regression analysis was separately conducted.Predictive variables of anxiety regression model were daytime sports activities,trying to relax oneself before bed,smoking,taking coffee-containing drugs within 4 hours before bed,sleep regularity,sex,and chronic respiratory disease.The regression model had statistical significance(F=10.21,P<0.01).Predictive variables of depression model were trying to relax oneself before bed,smoking,sleep regularity,worrying about sleep ability at night during the day,daytime sports activities,drinking and sleep disturbed by roommates.The regression model had statistical significance(F=11.61,P<0.01).Conclusion The anxiety,depression and sleep hygiene habits of vocational medical students are not optimistic.Some sleep hygiene habits,such as trying to relax before bed and regular sleep,etc.have significant prediction ability of anxiety or depression.Proper daytime sports activities,no smoking and drinking can improve sleep quality and mental health.The male student’s anxiety and sleep habits should be paid more attention.

关 键 词：睡眠 卫生习惯 心理健康 高职医学生 相关分析 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] G718[医药卫生—医学心理学]