椎动脉夹层致小脑半球急性梗死青年患者一例报道并文献复习  

Acute Cerebral Hemisphere Infarction Caused by Vertebral Artery Dissection in a Young Patient:a Case Report and Literature Review

作　　者：龙晓月 刘斌 吴小坤 冯雅晴 孟琳 LONG Xiaoyue;LIU Bin;WU Xiaokun;FENG Yaqing;MENG Lin(Department of Neurology,North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital,Tangshan 063000,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学附属医院神经内一科,河北省唐山市063000

出　　处：《实用心脑肺血管病杂志》2022年第9期138-140,共3页Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease

基　　金：河北省医学重点科技研究计划项目(20201226)。

摘　　要：椎动脉夹层(VAD)指由多种原因所致的血管内膜撕裂后形成的壁内血肿或假腔,最终引起椎动脉狭窄、闭塞或破裂的一种疾病。其因病因多样且缺乏特异性临床表现而常被忽视,虽然其发病率较低,但目前已成为青年缺血性或出血性卒中的重要原因。有研究发现按摩是其发病的重要诱因之一。由于颅内血管管径较细且较迂曲,因此动脉夹层诊断较为困难。高分辨率磁共振成像检查可以直接显示血管壁夹层特征及壁内血肿,因其具有无创性等特点,目前已广泛应用于临床颅内动脉夹层的诊断。本文报道了1例VAD致小脑半球急性梗死青年患者,并进行相关文献分析,旨在提高临床医师对该病的认识,为VAD的诊断及治疗提供临床思路。Vertebral artery dissection(VAD)refers to a disease in which an intramural hematoma or intramural pseudolumen is formed after a tear in the endovascular lining of a variety of causes,eventually causing narrowing,occlusion or rupture of the vertebral artery.It is often overlooked due to its diverse etiology and lack of clinically specific manifestations,and now it is an important cause of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke in young adults despite its low incidence.Some studies have found that massage is one of the important triggers for its onset.Arterial dissection is difficult to diagnose because of the thinner and more tortuous intracranial vascular ducts.High-resolution MRI can directly show the characteristics of vascular wall dissection and intramural hematoma,because of its noninvasive characteristics,it has been widely used in the diagnosis of clinical intracranial artery dissection.This paper reports a case of a young patient with acute cerebellar hemisphere infarction caused by VAD and a literature review was conducted to improve the clinicians'understanding of the disease and provide clinical ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of VAD.

关 键 词：椎动脉破裂 脑梗死 小脑 青年人 病例报告 

分 类 号：R743.9[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R743.33[医药卫生—临床医学]