关联理论视角下翻译中的认知努力和语境效果研究  

Cognitive Effort and Contextual Effect in Translation:A Relevance-Theoretic Approach

作　　者：法比奥·阿尔维斯 Fabio ALVES(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais(Brazil))

机构地区：[1]米纳斯吉拉斯州联邦大学,巴西

出　　处：《翻译界》2022年第2期1-18,共18页Translation Horizons

摘　　要：本文综合使用关联理论、联结主义原则和能力导向的翻译研究,从推理加工、问题解决和决策制定三个方面探讨了认知努力与语境效果之间的关系。文章通过对此前研究的多元互证确定了与译者推理行为相关的认知模式,使用Translog记录和回顾性报告法获取了几名西班牙译员和巴西译员从英语到西班牙语和葡萄牙语的翻译数据,并对样本数据进行了考察。文章根据认知节奏、刻意练习以及认知努力与语境效果之间的关系,评估了新手译员和专家译员的表现。数据分析的初步结果支持将程序编码和概念编码合并为推理加工的组成部分,揭示了受译者对源文本和目标文本的元表征影响的多层次过程的各个方面。文章认为翻译过程的关联理论路径能够解释努力和效果如何动态协作以加工源文本的隐义和显义,以及这种协作如何使认知加工和文本表达在不同的认知环境和目标文本中形成的。This paper explores the relationship between cognitive effort and contextual effect with respect to the interface between inferential processing,problem-solving and decision-making in translation,within a comprehensive framework of Relevance Theory,connectionist principles and competence-oriented researches of translation(CORT).It draws on the methodological notion of triangulation of previous researches to locate cognitive patterns related to the inferential behaviour of translators.Sample data from Spanish and Brazilian translators working from English into Spanish and Portuguese are examined,with concurrent use of different data elicitation procedures via Translog and retrospective protocols.The performance of novice and expert translators is assessed on the basis of cognitive rhythm,deliberate practice and the relationship between cognitive effort and contextual effect.The tentative outcome of the data analysis appears to support the amalgamation of procedural and conceptual encodings as constitutive instances of inferential processing.It also reveals aspects of a multi-level process mediated by the metarepresentation that the translator has of both source and target texts.As a result,the relevance-theoretic approach to translation process seems able to account for how effort and effect may combine in a dynamic synergy to deal with the implicatures and explicatures of source texts,and how this combination allows cognitive processing and textual rendering to take shape in different cognitive environments and ultimately in different target texts.

关 键 词：认知努力 语境效果 关联理论 联结主义 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]