高架线减振轨道减振降噪效果测试与分析  

Tests and analysis for vibration and noise reduction effect of track on metro visduct

作　　者：刘锦辉 刘鹏辉 杨宜谦 董振升 周昌盛 梁晓东 LIU Jinhui;LIU Penghui;YANG Yiqian;DONG Zhensheng;ZHOU Changsheng;LIANG Xiaodong(Shenzhen Metro Group Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Science,Beijing 100081,China;China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市地铁集团有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [3]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第15期83-89,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：铁科院基金(2019YJ053)。

摘　　要：通过对地铁高架桥上双层非线性减振扣件、减振垫浮置板、橡胶弹簧浮置板、钢弹簧浮置板轨道的现场振动和噪声测试,对高架线不同减振轨道结构的实际减振降噪效果进行分析和评价,分析了桥梁结构振动与辐射噪声之间的关系和不同减振轨道对减小桥梁结构辐射噪声的效果,可为今后的轨道减振设计提供借鉴,研究表明:相对于双层非线性减振扣件整体道床桥面,减振垫浮置板、橡胶弹簧、钢弹簧浮置板在1-80 Hz内VL_(zmax)的减振效果分别为10.2 dB,10.6 dB,11.8 dB;在1-200 Hz内VL_(za)的减振效果分别为10.3 dB,12.7 dB,12.6 dB;高架线的噪声源频谱是宽频的,在中心频率80 Hz和630 Hz处噪声出现明显峰值;桥梁结构辐射噪声以12.5-250.0 Hz低频噪声为主,桥梁结构辐射噪声可通过桥梁振动速度级或振动加速度级来计算;高架线采用减振轨道可减小桥梁结构辐射噪声,相对于双层非线性减振扣件整体道床桥面,减振垫浮置板、橡胶弹簧、钢弹簧浮置板在12.5-250.0 Hz内桥梁结构辐射噪声L_(Aeq,Tp)的降噪效果分别为7.6 dBA,20.9 dBA,17.1 dBA。Through onsite vibration and noise tests of track structures with double-layer nonlinear vibration reduction fasteners,vibration reduction pad floating plates,rubber spring floating plates and steel spring floating plates,respectively on metro viaduct bridge,actual vibration and noise reduction effects of different vibration reduction track structures on viaduct bridge were analyzed and evaluated,the relation between bridge structure vibration and radiated noise and effects of different vibration reduction tracks on reducing radiated noise from bridge structure were analyzed,the results showed that(1)compared to monolithic track bed bridge deck with double-layer nonlinear vibration reduction fasteners,damping effect of VL_(zmax) with vibration reduction pad floating plates,rubber spring floating plates and steel spring floating plates are 10.2 dB,10.6 dB and 11.8 dB,respectively within the frequency range of 1-80 Hz;within the frequency range of 1-200 Hz,damping effect of VL_(za) are 10.3 dB,12.7 dB and 12.6 dB,respectively;(2)viaduct bridge noise source spectrum is broadband,and noise peaks appear at center frequencies of 80 Hz and 630 Hz;radiated noise from bridge structure is mainly low-frequency noise of 12.5-250.0 Hz,radiated noise from bridge structure can be calculated using bridge vibration speed level or vibration acceleration level;(3)adopting vibration reduction track structures for viaduct bridge can reduce radiated noise from bridge structure,compared to monolithic track bed bridge deck with double-layer nonlinear vibration reduction fasteners,bridge structure radiated noise reduction effects of L_(Aeq) with vibration reduction pad floating plates,rubber spring floating plates and steel spring floating plates are 7.6 dBA,20.9 dBA and 17.1 dBA,respectively within the frequency range of 12.5-250.0 Hz.

关 键 词：高架桥 减振效果 桥梁结构辐射噪声 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理] X827[理学—声学]