空间碎片检测技术研究进展  

Progress of Space Debris Detection Technology

作　　者：陶江 曹云峰 丁萌[2] Tao Jiang;Cao Yunfeng;Ding Meng(College of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu,China;College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航天学院,江苏南京211106 [2]南京航空航天大学民航学院,江苏南京211106

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2022年第14期116-126,共11页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

基　　金：空间光电探测与感知工业和信息化部重点实验室开放课题(NJ2020021-01);南京航空航天大学博士学位论文创新与创优基金(BCXJ19-11)。

摘　　要：随着空间发射活动的愈加频繁,空间碎片数量急剧增长,严重威胁在轨运行航天器的安全。空间碎片检测是建立空间碎片环境模型的基础,是空间碎片碰撞规避机动的前提,是空间碎片清除任务的先决条件,因此空间碎片检测对维护空间活动安全和空间的可持续性利用具有重要意义。首先综述了现有的地基、天基空间碎片探测系统,对它们的关键问题进行了分析;总结了基于光学、雷达、激光等探测设备的空间碎片检测技术,并对其中的难点和关键技术进行了介绍;最后探讨了空间碎片检测技术的发展趋势。With the more frequent space launch activities,amount of space debris increase rapidly,which pose a heavy threat to the in-orbit functional spacecraft.Space debris detection is the basis of space debris environment modelling,active debris removal,and collision avoidance maneuver.Therefore,space debris detection plays an important role to maintain the space safety and space sustainability.First,the existed ground-based and space-based space debris detection systems are reviewed,and corresponding key technologies are analyzed.Second,the space debris detection technologies based on optical sensors,radar,and impact detectors are reviewed,respectively,the corresponding difficulties and key technologies are also introduced.At last,the future development trend of space debris detection is discussed.

关 键 词：检测 空间碎片 图像检测 雷达探测 激光探测 

分 类 号：V476[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]