不同LED光谱环境对许氏平鲉幼鱼肌肉营养成分与品质的影响  

Effects of Different LED Spectral Environments on Muscle Nutritional Composition and Quality of Juvenile Sebastes schlegeli

作　　者：孙飞 吴燕玲 蔡皓玮 刘松涛 李鑫 房莹莹 刘鹰[1,4] 韩蕊 马贺 SUN Fei;WU Yanling;CAI Haowei;LIU Songtao;LI Xin;FANG Yingying;LIU Ying;HAN Rui;MA He(Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture Ministry of Education,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学设施渔业教育部重点实验室,大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,大连116023 [4]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第8期5328-5341,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901002);辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2021JH2/10200011,2019JH2/10200007);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(201728)。

摘　　要：为研究不同LED光谱环境对许氏平鲉(Sebastods schlegelii)幼鱼肌肉营养成分与品质的影响,将750尾许氏平鲉幼鱼[体质量为(38.80±0.43) g、体长为(10.20±0.17) cm]均分为5组,分别为红光组、黄光组、蓝光组、绿光组、白光组,置于不同LED光谱环境(红光、黄光、蓝光、绿光、白光)下进行为期60 d的养殖试验,光周期设定为12L∶12D(由电子定时器进行控制),光照度均设定为(250±20) mW/m^(2),每组设置3个重复,每个重复50尾幼鱼。试验结束时每个重复随机选取2尾鱼进行肌肉样品采集,对各组试验鱼肌纤维形态、肌肉常规营养成分含量以及肌肉氨基酸与脂肪酸组成进行测定,并对肌肉营养品质进行分析。结果显示:1)蓝光组、绿光组及红光组肌纤维直径显著高于黄光组和白光组(P<0.05)。2)白光组肌肉粗脂肪含量最高,显著高于红光组和黄光组(P<0.05),与绿光组和蓝光组则不存在显著差异(P>0.05);此外,各组肌肉粗灰分、水分、粗蛋白质含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)肌肉胶原蛋白含量由高到低依次为白光组>蓝光组>绿光组>黄光组>红光组。4)不同LED光谱环境下许氏平鲉幼鱼肌肉中均检测出17种氨基酸(色氨酸未测),其中非必需氨基酸(NEAA)8种、半必需氨基酸(HEAA)2种、必需氨基酸(EAA) 7种;除甘氨酸(Gly)外,其余16种氨基酸的含量在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);在17种氨基酸中,谷氨酸的含量在5种LED光谱环境下均最高;黄光组许氏平鲉幼鱼肌肉中必需氨基酸含量最高,绿光组次之;并且,黄光组和绿光组的氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)均较高。5)不同LED光谱环境下许氏平鲉幼鱼肌肉的脂肪酸组成相似,均检测出16种脂肪酸,且各脂肪酸含量在各组间的差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综上所述,不同LED光谱环境对许氏平鲉幼鱼肌肉的营养成分和品质均产生了一定影响,与红光和黄光相比,蓝光、绿光及白光对许氏平鲉幼�In order to explore the effects of different LED spectral environments on the muscle nutritional composition and quality of juvenile Sebastes schlegelii,a total of 750 juveniles[body weight:(38.80±0.43)g;body length:(10.20±0.17)cm]were equally divided in five groups,which were blue light group(BLG),green light group(GLG),yellow light group(YLG),red light group(RLG)and white light group(WLG),and those groups were cultured under different LED spectral environments(blue light,green light,yellow light,red light and white light),The photoperiod was set as 12L∶12D(controlled by electronic timer),and the illuminance was(250±20)mW/m2.There were 3 replicates in each group with 50 juveniles in each replicate.The experimental period was 60 days.At the end of the experiment,two fish were randomly selected from each replicate,and muscle samples were sampled to determine muscle fiber morphology,muscle routine nutritional component contents,muscle amino acid and fatty acid composition of juvenile Sebastes schlegeli,and the muscle nutritional quality was analyzed.The results showed as follows:1)the diameter of muscle fiber in BLG,GLG and RLG was significantly higher than that in YLG and WLG(P<0.05).2)The content of muscle crude fat in WLG was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in RLG and YLG(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among WLG,GLG and BLG(P>0.05);in addition,there were no significant differences in the contents of muscle ash,moisture and crude protein among groups(P>0.05).3)From high to low,the content of muscle collagen was WLG>BLG>GLG>YLG>RLG.4)Seventeen amino acids(tryptophan was not measured)were detected in the muscle of juvenile Sebastes schlegeli cultured under different spectral environments,including 8 nonessential amino acids(NEAA),2 half-essential amino acids(HEAA)and 7 essential amino acids(EAA).There were no significant differences in the contents of other 16 amino acids among groups(P>0.05)except glycine.Among the 17 amino acids,the content of glutamate was the highest i

关 键 词：许氏平鲉 LED光谱 肌肉 氨基酸 脂肪酸 营养成分 营养品质 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]